{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMicroRNA‐30c (MIR30C1) is emerging as a multifunctional regulator whose activities span several cellular processes and disease contexts. In various cancers, including breast, prostate, renal, lung, endometrial, ovarian, glioblastoma and osteosarcoma, MIR30C1 has been shown to influence tumor cell proliferation, epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis by directly targeting key effectors such as actin‐binding proteins, Slug, MTA‐1, cyclin D1/D2, and SOX9. In breast cancer, for example, it serves as a prognostic marker and modulates chemoresistance by inhibiting twinfilin 1 and interleukin‐11 signaling pathways, while in renal cell carcinoma its downregulation under hypoxia facilitates EMT via loss of Slug suppression. In addition, genetic variations within the MIR30C1 precursor that alter its RNA secondary structure have been associated with predisposition to malignancies and premalignant lesions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its tumor‐suppressive functions, MIR30C1 modulates responses to therapeutic agents and influences drug resistance. Elevated levels of MIR30C1 have been associated with clinical benefit from tamoxifen in advanced breast cancer and with reversal of paclitaxel resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer—mechanisms that involve downregulation of metastasis‐associated genes and modulation of androgen receptor splicing variants. Furthermore, MIR30C1 regulates drug metabolism by suppressing the pregnane X receptor (PXR), thereby impacting CYP3A4 expression, and its family members have also been implicated in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. Circulating MIR30C1 holds diagnostic promise as its altered levels have been reported in prostate cancer and in studies of polycystic ovary syndrome."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}, {"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "12", "end_ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMIR30C1 also plays a significant role in modulating immune responses and inflammatory processes. In vascular endothelial cells, its downregulation under oxidative stress conditions can release the brake on FOXO3 and the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby promoting pyroptosis—a mechanism implicated in atherosclerosis. Elevated urinary levels of MIR30C1 have been detected early in ischemia‐reperfusion–induced kidney injury, and in the context of kidney stone formation its overexpression helps alleviate cytotoxicity and crystal adhesion via targeting autophagy‐related gene 5 (ATG5). In intestinal epithelial cells infected by adherent-invasive Escherichia coli, exosomal transfer of MIR30C1 (often in concert with related miRNAs) suppresses autophagy by targeting ATG5/ATG16L1 and may influence the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease. Additionally, in cardiovascular settings reduced MIR30C1 levels in tumor‐associated macrophages contribute to altered mTOR signaling and metabolic reprogramming that affect inflammatory polarization and even atrial fibrosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "18", "end_ref": "24"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn metabolic regulation and diverse non‐cancerous contexts, MIR30C1 influences lipid metabolism and cellular stress responses. Its modulation by dietary factors such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) alters the expression of lipid metabolism genes and may contribute to chemoprevention. In hepatocellular carcinoma models, viral proteins (e.g., HCV Core) downregulate MIR30C1 to activate EMT, while in acute myeloid leukemia lower MIR30C1 levels correlate with elevated MYBL2 expression and poorer outcomes. Moreover, in osteoarthritis, variations in synovial fluid MIR30C1 levels have prognostic relevance, and changes in its secretion in embryo culture media have been associated with implantation competence. Lastly, regulatory interactions with long non‐coding RNAs (such as LINC00707) and the ability to modulate natural killer cell activation further underscore its broad functional spectrum."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "25"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "26"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "19"}, {"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "27", "end_ref": "36"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCollectively, these findings highlight MIR30C1 as a pivotal microRNA with diverse roles in regulating gene expression, influencing tumor progression, therapeutic responsiveness, immune modulation, and metabolic homeostasis. The multifaceted actions of MIR30C1 across malignancies, inflammatory and metabolic disorders, and even developmental processes underscore its promise as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "37"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "39"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}, {"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "40", "end_ref": "43"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jessica Bockhorn, Rachel Dalton, Chika Nwachukwu, et al. 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