MIR32 Gene

HGNC Family Non-coding RNAs
Name microRNA 32
Description microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nmiR‐32 is emerging as a pivotal oncogenic microRNA whose elevated expression has been documented across multiple cancer types. In acute myeloid leukemia, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D₃ induces miR‐32 expression to target the pro‐apoptotic factor Bim, thereby enhancing cell survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, in castration‐resistant prostate cancer, androgen‐regulated miR‐32 downregulates BTG2 to reduce apoptosis and promote tumor aggressiveness."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, miR‐32 is subject to p53‐dependent transcriptional repression; paradoxically, its accumulation can then lead to p53 stabilization through targeting of negative regulators such as Mdm2 and TSC1, thereby influencing cell cycle dynamics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In colorectal cancer, miR‐32 upregulation perturbs PTEN levels to modulate cell proliferation"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and altered miR‐32 expression has also been observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", hepatocellular carcinoma where it similarly downregulates PTEN to promote invasiveness"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and gastric cancer where it exerts oncogenic functions via targeting KLF4."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its direct role in driving malignant transformation, miR‐32 also shows promise as a biomarker and mediator of tumor microenvironment remodeling. Elevated levels of circulating miR‐32 isoforms have been detected in malignant pleural mesothelioma, underscoring its potential in non‐invasive diagnostics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, in gastric cancer, the long noncoding RNA SNHG5 acts as a decoy by harboring a miR‐32 binding site, thereby modulating the miR‐32/KLF4 regulatory axis to affect cell migration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the context of infectious disease, miR‐32‐5p is markedly upregulated in macrophages upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge via Toll‐like receptor 4, where it downregulates FSTL1 to dampen inflammatory cytokine production and favor bacterial survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In vascular smooth muscle cells, aberrant miR‐32‐5p expression has been linked to enhanced calcification through modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and its increased presence in the serum of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma further supports its clinical significance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMoreover, miR‐32 influences the tumor microenvironment by reprogramming immune cell phenotypes and modulating intercellular signaling. Within glioma‐associated macrophages, enhanced expression of miR‐32 promotes M2 polarization through repression of PTEN and subsequent activation of PI3K/Akt signaling, thereby facilitating glioma cell proliferation and migration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In triple‐negative breast cancer, the oncogenic actions of miR‐32‐5p are further refined by its sequestration by lncRNA WEE2‐AS1, which modulates downstream signaling via its target, TOB1, contributing to tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings illustrate that miR‐32 serves as a multifunctional regulator—promoting cell survival, proliferation, and migration while also altering immune responses—and underscore its potential as both a biomarker and therapeutic target in a diverse range of pathological conditions.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elzbieta Gocek, Xuening Wang, Xiuping Liu, et al. 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Synonyms MIRNA32, MIRN32, HSA-MIR-32, MIR-32
NCBI Gene ID 407036
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View MIR32's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View MIR32's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View MIR32's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

MIR32 has 425 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (molecular profile, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 19 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for MIR32 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR32 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR32 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR32 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR32 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with MIR32 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR32 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR32 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR32 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with MIR32 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MIR32 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of MIR32 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of MIR32 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with MIR32 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of MIR32 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR32 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of MIR32 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of MIR32 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR32 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with MIR32 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.