| HGNC Family | Non-coding RNAs |
| Name | microRNA 34b |
| Description | microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMiR‐34b, a member of the miR‐34 family that is directly induced by p53, plays a critical tumor‐suppressive role by promoting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and senescence in both normal and malignant cells. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miR‐34b (often co‐expressed with miR‐34c) is silenced in various cancers—through promoter CpG island hypermethylation, deletion events, or other epigenetic alterations—which has been linked to reduced apoptotic responses, enhanced chemoresistance, and increased tumor aggressiveness. In several tumor types, including neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma, loss of miR‐34b expression compromises p53‐mediated functions and is associated with oncogenic transformation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRestoration of miR‐34b expression in cancer cells has been shown to potently inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion by modulating key oncogenic pathways through regulation of target genes such as CDK4, α‐synuclein, BTG4, ING2, and Smad3. In gastrointestinal malignancies (including colorectal, gastric, and hepatocellular carcinomas), as well as in small‐cell lung cancer and even in neurodegenerative contexts like Parkinson’s disease, re‐expression of miR‐34b contributes to decreased tumor aggressiveness and can modify cancer stem cell properties and the tumor microenvironment. These studies support the notion that miR‐34b exerts multi‐faceted control over cell signaling pathways responsible for oncogenic proliferation and metastasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "17", "end_ref": "30"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nGenetic variability in the miR‐34b/c promoter region—most notably the rs4938723 (T>C) polymorphism—has been associated with alterations in miR‐34b transcriptional activity, thereby influencing susceptibility to a range of cancers including hepatocellular, esophageal, renal, nasopharyngeal, colorectal, and pediatric leukemias. In addition, the methylation status of the miR‐34b regulatory region serves as an emerging non‐invasive biomarker in body fluids (for example, stool DNA in colorectal cancer screening) and has prognostic implications related to metastasis and patient survival. Beyond oncology, dysregulation of miR‐34b has also been linked to neurodegenerative disorders and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, emphasizing its broader role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and presenting opportunities for targeted therapies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "31", "end_ref": "46"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "H Hermeking "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The miR-34 family in cancer and apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Differ (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cdd.2009.56"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2009.56"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19461653"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19461653"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Minoru Toyota, Hiromu Suzuki, Yasushi Sasaki, et al. 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| Synonyms | MIR-34B, MIRN34B, MIRNA34B |
| NCBI Gene ID | 407041 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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MIR34B has 1,116 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (molecular profile, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 19 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for MIR34B from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR34B gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR34B gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR34B gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR34B gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with MIR34B gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR34B gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR34B gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR34B gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with MIR34B gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MIR34B from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of MIR34B gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of MIR34B gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with MIR34B gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MIR34B gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR34B gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MIR34B gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2014 | pathways involving MIR34B protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR34B gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving MIR34B protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |