{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMIR3670-3, which is synonymous with the immunoreceptor known as MAIR‐II, LMIR2, or CD300c2, is a type I transmembrane protein broadly expressed by various leukocytes including mast cells, B cells, macrophages, and monocytes. Its extracellular domain displays an immunoglobulin‐like motif, and its transmembrane region is critical for association with key signaling adaptors such as DAP12 and the FcRγ chain. In mast cells, for example, these paired receptors (LMIR1 and LMIR2) are poised to regulate inflammatory responses by either recruiting inhibitory phosphatases like SHP‐1/SHP‐2 or by coupling with activation motifs, thereby dictating the cell’s downstream response upon ligand engagement."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn macrophages and B cells, MIR3670-3 exerts a dual regulatory role in inflammatory signaling. Engagement of this receptor on macrophages leads to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 via its interactions with DAP12 or FcRγ chain, often in a context modulated by Toll-like receptors (TLR4/MyD88 and TLR9). This axis facilitates critical processes such as VLA-4-mediated adhesion and transmigration of inflammatory monocytes. In contrast, in B cells the receptor can function to dampen B cell receptor-mediated proliferation by recruiting SHP-1, thereby acting as a negative regulator to control humoral responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMoreover, MIR3670-3 is implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory disorders. In models of peritonitis, for instance, proper MAIR-II signaling is essential for the VLA-4-dependent recruitment of monocytes to sites of infection. In pulmonary fibrosis, activation of this receptor in alveolar macrophages—triggered by danger-associated molecules such as HMGB-1—leads to elevated production of neutrophil chemoattractants and subsequent pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Similarly, in myocardial infarction, TLR9-mediated activation of MIR3670-3 on infiltrating macrophages exacerbates inflammatory cytokine release, contributing to adverse cardiac remodeling and poorer clinical outcomes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hidetoshi Kumagai, Toshihiko Oki, Kaori Tamitsu, et al. 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