| HGNC Family | Non-coding RNAs |
| Name | microRNA 4478 |
| Description | microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have shown that miR‐4478 holds promise as a non‐invasive biomarker in lung cancer. In one investigation, plasma analyses of lung cancer patients revealed that miR‐4478 is significantly overexpressed relative to healthy individuals, suggesting its utility in early diagnosis and clinical monitoring of non‐small cell lung cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its biomarker potential, mechanistic studies in non‑small cell lung cancer have uncovered a functional role for miR‑4478 in tumor progression. Specifically, the long non‑coding RNA LINC00461 was found to act as a molecular sponge for miR‑4478, thereby preventing miR‑4478 from repressing its target, the oncogenic transcription factor E2F1. This LINC00461/miR‑4478/E2F1 feedback loop contributes to enhanced cancer cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, highlighting a key regulatory axis in lung cancer pathogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tomasz Powrózek, Paweł Krawczyk, Dariusz M Kowalski, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Application of plasma circulating microRNA-448, 506, 4316, and 4478 analysis for non-invasive diagnosis of lung cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13277-015-3971-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3971-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26341493"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26341493"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qingxin Meng, Ming Liu, Ruyi Cheng "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LINC00461/miR-4478/E2F1 feedback loop promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and migration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biosci Rep (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/BSR20191345"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20191345"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31934717"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31934717"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | MIR-4478 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 100616312 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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MIR4478 has 262 functional associations with biological entities spanning 3 categories (molecular profile, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 8 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for MIR4478 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR4478 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR4478 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR4478 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR4478 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR4478 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR4478 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MIR4478 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR4478 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |