{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nmiR-4510 has been shown to function as a tumor‐suppressive microRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma. In these settings, miR-4510 impedes tumor growth by targeting glypican-3 (GPC3) and inactivating the Wnt pathway, thereby reducing the proliferation of cancer cells and curbing tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn gastrointestinal tumors, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and GPC3-expressing gastric cancers, miR-4510 is notably downregulated compared to adjacent normal tissues. In GIST, reduced miR-4510 leads to the upregulation of apolipoprotein C-II (APOC2), which promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through activation of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In gastric cancer, the inverse correlation between miR-4510 and GPC3 not only underpins its tumor-suppressive role but also appears to modulate the tumor microenvironment by shifting macrophage polarization and limiting CD8+ T-cell proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSimilarly, in breast cancer, miR-4510 expression is significantly decreased relative to normal adjacent tissues. Computational predictions and experimental validations implicate several target genes—including TP53, TP53INP1, MMP11, and COL1A1—that are deregulated when miR-4510 levels fall. This deregulation likely contributes to enhanced cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, supporting the role of miR-4510 as a tumor suppressor and suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Amani Ghousein, Nicola Mosca, Flora Cartier, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-4510 blocks hepatocellular carcinoma development through RAF1 targeting and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling inactivation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liver Int (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/liv.14276"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14276"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31612616"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31612616"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuan Chen, Chengkun Qin, Xianping Cui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-4510 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal stromal tumor by targeting APOC2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Physiol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jcp.29506"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29506"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31975384"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31975384"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hai-Fen Ma, Peng Shu, Xiao-Hai Shi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of miR-4510 as a metastasis suppressor of gastric cancer through regulation of tumor microenvironment via targeting GPC3."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Exp Metastasis (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10585-021-10143-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-021-10143-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35050429"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35050429"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sevan Omer Majed, Suhad Asad Mustafa "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The profiles of miR-4510 expression level in breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-022-25292-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25292-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36755123"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36755123"}]}]}]}