{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSyndecan‐2 is emerging as a multifunctional cell‐surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan that coordinates a wide array of cellular behaviors in both normal physiology and pathology. Early studies have shown that syndecan‐2 contributes to angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration, capillary tube formation, and by interacting with pro‐angiogenic growth factors; in addition, its cell‐surface presentation in brain astrocytes and endothelia suggests roles in extracellular matrix remodeling and vascular homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond modulating angiogenesis, syndecan‐2 regulates cell adhesion and cytoskeletal dynamics through cooperative interactions with integrins and other receptors. Its extracellular domain can act as an adhesion substrate that supports integrin‐dependent attachment and spreading, while its ability to modulate extracellular matrix deposition and actin organization underlies roles in directional migration, osteoblast differentiation, and responses to inflammatory cues. In osteosarcoma cells, for example, syndecan‐2 levels are controlled by Wnt/β‐catenin signaling thereby influencing chemosensitivity, and in melanoma cells, receptor cross‐talk (including via MC1R) alters migratory capacity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional investigations have revealed syndecan‐2’s involvement in regulating differentiation and survival in diverse cell types. In melanocytes, syndecan‐2 modulates melanin production by affecting the localization and activity of key signaling enzymes; in mesenchymal stromal and hematopoietic stem cells, it acts as both a phenotypic marker and a regulator of quiescence, ensuring proper responses during tissue repair, inflammation, and sepsis. Moreover, its shed ectodomain functions in the tumor microenvironment, where it enhances macrophage recruitment, vascular endothelial cell responses, and overall tumor progression, while also influencing pro‐fibrotic signaling in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis–associated lung disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "19", "end_ref": "26"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCollectively, these reports underscore that syndecan‐2 is a dynamic modulator of cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions. Its regulatory versatility, mediated by extracellular, transmembrane, and intracellular domains, enables it to influence critical processes such as angiogenesis, cell migration, adhesion, differentiation, and survival. Although the abstracts provided do not mention MIR4659A, the extensive characterization of syndecan‐2 in these studies highlights its pivotal role in tissue remodeling, tumor progression, and inflammatory as well as developmental signaling.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Constance Y Fears, Candece L Gladson, Anne Woods "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 is expressed in the microvasculature of gliomas and regulates angiogenic processes in microvascular endothelial cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.C600075200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.C600075200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16574663"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16574663"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chiung-Ya Chen, Chia-Wen Lin, Chiung-Ying Chang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sarm1, a negative regulator of innate immunity, interacts with syndecan-2 and regulates neuronal morphology."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.201008050"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201008050"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21555464"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21555464"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhuo Wang, Russell J Collighan, Stephane R Gross, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RGD-independent cell adhesion via a tissue transglutaminase-fibronectin matrix promotes fibronectin fibril deposition and requires syndecan-4/2 α5β1 integrin co-signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.123703"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.123703"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20929862"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20929862"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ken Iseki, Seita Hagino, Tetsuji Mori, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased syndecan expression by pleiotrophin and FGF receptor-expressing astrocytes in injured brain tissue."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Glia (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/glia.10078"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.10078"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12112370"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12112370"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Larissa C Wilsie, Robert A Orlando "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein complexes with cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans to regulate proteoglycan-mediated lipoprotein catabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M208786200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M208786200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12598530"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12598530"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seiichi Munesue, Yasuo Yoshitomi, Yuri Kusano, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A novel function of syndecan-2, suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation, which causes suppression of metastasis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M609812200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M609812200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17623663"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17623663"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jung-hyun Lee, Haein Park, Heesung Chung, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 regulates the migratory potential of melanoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M109.034678"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.034678"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19641225"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19641225"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seiichi Munesue, Yuri Kusano, Kayoko Oguri, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The role of syndecan-2 in regulation of actin-cytoskeletal organization of Lewis lung carcinoma-derived metastatic clones."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem J (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/0264-6021:3630201"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/0264-6021:3630201"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11931647"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11931647"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James R Whiteford, Volker Behrends, Hishani Kirby, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecans promote integrin-mediated adhesion of mesenchymal cells in two distinct pathways."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.08.002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.08.002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17870067"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17870067"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "François-Xavier Dieudonné, Allison Marion, Pierre J Marie, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Targeted inhibition of T-cell factor activity promotes syndecan-2 expression and sensitization to doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells and bone tumors in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Bone Miner Res (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jbmr.1650"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.1650"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22550000"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22550000"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Heesung Chung, Jung-hyun Lee, Dayun Jeong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Melanocortin 1 receptor regulates melanoma cell migration by controlling syndecan-2 expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M111.334730"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111.334730"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22493442"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22493442"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Constanze Reinhard, Marianne Borgers, Guido David, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Soluble amyloid-β precursor protein binds its cell surface receptor in a cooperative fashion with glypican and syndecan proteoglycans."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.137919"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.137919"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23986479"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23986479"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuri Kusano, Yasuo Yoshitomi, Seiichi Munesue, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cooperation of syndecan-2 and syndecan-4 among cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the actin cytoskeletal organization of Lewis lung carcinoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biochem (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/jb/mvh015"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvh015"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14999018"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14999018"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rafik Mansouri, Yohann Jouan, Eric Hay, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Osteoblastic heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans control bone remodeling by regulating Wnt signaling and the crosstalk between bone surface and marrow cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cddis.2017.287"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2017.287"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28661485"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28661485"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sojoong Choi, Heesung Chung, Heejeong Hong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inflammatory hypoxia induces syndecan-2 expression through IL-1β-mediated FOXO3a activation in colonic epithelia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FASEB J (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1096/fj.201601098R"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201601098R"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28031321"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28031321"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ferda Cevikbas, Liliana Schaefer, Philipp Uhlig, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Unilateral nephrectomy leads to up-regulation of syndecan-2- and TGF-beta-mediated glomerulosclerosis in syndecan-4 deficient male mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matrix Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.matbio.2007.07.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2007.07.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17681770"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17681770"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jin-Wen Huang, Chia-Lin Chen, Nin-Nin Chuang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "P120-GAP associated with syndecan-2 to function as an active switch signal for Src upon transformation with oncogenic ras."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.045"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.045"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15752734"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15752734"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Joan Villena, Christine Berndt, Francesc Granés, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 expression enhances adhesion and proliferation of stably transfected Swiss 3T3 cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Biol Int (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cellbi.2003.09.004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellbi.2003.09.004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14642532"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14642532"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hyejung Jung, Heesung Chung, Sung Eun Chang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 regulates melanin synthesis via protein kinase C βII-mediated tyrosinase activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pigment Cell Melanoma Res (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/pcmr.12223"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12223"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24472179"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24472179"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Junwen Han, Yuanyuan Shi, Gareth Willis, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived syndecan-2 regulates the immune response during sepsis to foster bacterial clearance and resolution of inflammation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FEBS J (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/febs.16154"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16154"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34355516"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34355516"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christina M Termini, Amara Pang, Michelle Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 enriches for hematopoietic stem cells and regulates stem cell repopulating capacity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood.2020010447"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020010447"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34767029"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34767029"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bohee Jang, Hyun-Kuk Song, Jisun Hwang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shed syndecan-2 enhances colon cancer progression by increasing cooperative angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matrix Biol (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.matbio.2022.02.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2022.02.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35139425"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35139425"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Konstantin Tsoyi, Anthony J Esposito, Bo Sun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 regulates PAD2 to exert antifibrotic effects on RA-ILD fibroblasts."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-022-06678-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06678-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35181688"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35181688"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Joan Villena, Jessica Mainez, Oriol Noguer, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan-2 expression increases serum-withdrawal-induced apoptosis, mediated by re-distribution of Fas into lipid rafts, in stably transfected Swiss 3T3 cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Apoptosis (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10495-006-0193-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-006-0193-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17041758"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17041758"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lu Sun, Guang Hong, Hiroyuki Matsui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Effects of Syndecan on Osteoblastic Cell Adhesion Onto Nano-Zirconia Surface."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Nanomedicine (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2147/IJN.S263053"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S263053"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32764936"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32764936"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jisun Hwang, Bohee Jang, Ayoung Kim, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syndecan Transmembrane Domain Specifically Regulates Downstream Signaling Events of the Transmembrane Receptor Cytoplasmic Domain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms22157918"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157918"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34360683"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34360683"}]}]}]}