{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMIR486‐1 is emerging as a critical microRNA with multifaceted roles in human malignancies. In several solid tumors—including lung, breast, colorectal, esophageal, thyroid, cervical, ovarian, and even certain brain and soft tissue sarcomas—MIR486‐1 (and its processed forms such as miR‐486‐5p/3p) is frequently downregulated, thereby releasing key oncogenic signals. Restoration of MIR486‐1 expression has been shown to suppress cell proliferation, induce G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis, and counteract epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Its tumor‐suppressive functions have been attributed to direct targeting of effector genes such as those involved in the insulin‐like growth factor pathway (IGF1, IGF1R), cell‐cycle regulators (PIM‐1, CDK4, PLAGL2), components of NF‑κB signaling, and extracellular matrix or structural proteins (ECM1, fibrillin‑1, PAI‑1). Moreover, sponging of MIR486‐1 by circular or long noncoding RNAs (e.g. circ_0016788 and SNHG15) further disrupts its inhibitory impact, thereby contributing to oncogenic progression and drug resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer and related neoplasms."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "26"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn hematopoietic systems, MIR486‐1 displays a context‐dependent role. In malignant hematopoiesis, particularly in chronic myeloid leukemia and Down syndrome–associated acute megakaryoblastic leukemias, MIR486‐1 (especially the miR‐486‐5p form) is upregulated and promotes erythroid differentiation, cell survival, and self‐renewal through modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade and regulators such as FOXO1. Furthermore, during fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switching and lineage commitment decisions in hematopoietic progenitor cells, MIR486‐1 contributes to the fine‐tuning of transcription factors (for example, by regulating BCL11A and MAF), thus influencing cell fate choices."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "27", "end_ref": "31"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond oncogenesis and hematopoiesis, MIR486‐1 is implicated in cardiovascular pathology and tissue repair. In coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes, circulating levels of MIR486‐1 are elevated—often associated with lipoprotein particles—which, together with other biomarkers, help distinguish vulnerable patients. In models of aging, wound healing, and even cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, MIR486‐1 modulates cell survival, angiogenic factor release (such as HGF and VEGF), and inflammatory responses via effects on targets including PTEN and FoxO1; these actions contribute to myocardial protection and enhanced tissue regeneration. Additionally, potential roles in metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis are under investigation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "32", "end_ref": "45"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn a broader regulatory context, the role of MIR486‐1 is further underscored by its emerging impact on neural and developmental processes. For instance, dysregulated MIR486‐1 has been identified in the serum of patients with autism spectrum disorders, where it modulates targets such as ARID1B, suggesting that its influence stretches into neurodevelopmental pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "46"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hue-Kian Oh, Angie Lay-Keng Tan, Kakoli Das, et al. 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