{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMIR518C and its related isoforms have emerged as important regulators in diverse pathophysiological settings. In a study on polycystic ovary syndrome, altered miRNA expression profiles highlighted the potential of noncoding RNAs as biomarkers in this heterogeneous condition, suggesting that members of the MIR518 family may be included in such diagnostic panels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn gastric cancer, reduced levels of a miR-518 family member were observed in both patient tissues and cell lines, and restoration through a miR-518 mimic triggered apoptosis. This effect was achieved by directly targeting MDM2, which in turn up-regulated p53, increased the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and activated cleaved caspase-3 while reducing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 levels. These findings support a tumor suppressor role in gastric cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nInvestigations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors revealed that a related family member, miR-518e-5p, is significantly overexpressed in the serum of patients with secondary imatinib resistance. Its markedly high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing imatinib‐resistant cases from both imatinib‐sensitive patients and healthy controls underscore its promise as a non‐invasive diagnostic biomarker."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFurther evidence for the tumor suppressor function of the MIR518 family comes from studies in colorectal cancer, where miR-518-3p was shown to be down-regulated in patient tissues. Functional experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR-518-3p suppressed cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion by targeting the thyroid hormone receptor interactor 4 (TRIP4) and down-regulating matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. These effects highlight its role in inhibiting tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOther investigations have explored the broader regulatory networks and disease contexts in which non-coding RNAs, including members of the MIR518 family, may play roles. For instance, research on the homeostasis of blood pressure and elastogenesis in essential hypertension points toward complex TGF‑β1 receptor-regulated pathways"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while studies of ceRNA networks in colon cancer have underscored the interplay between long non-coding RNAs and miRs."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Additionally, investigations into idiopathic short stature"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and non-small cell lung cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "further reflect the expanding interest in noncoding RNA function in diverse clinical settings.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anja E Sørensen, Marie Louise Wissing, Anne Lis M Englund, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA Species in Follicular Fluid Associating With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Related Intermediary Phenotypes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1210/jc.2015-3588"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-3588"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26771704"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26771704"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Changjun Feng, Qingjie Xian, Shuntao Liu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Micro RNA-518 inhibits gastric cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis via targeting MDM2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.091"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.091"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29793321"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29793321"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Youwei Kou, Ren Yang, Qiang Wang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Serum miR-518e-5p is a potential biomarker for secondary imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biosci (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30541960"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30541960"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Heng Yang, Jia Ren, Yu Bai, et al. 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