{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMiR‐526b is a multifunctional small regulatory RNA that has been implicated in diverse human diseases. In non‐cancerous settings, it modulates cellular processes such as extracellular matrix remodeling by targeting molecules like MMP1 in dermal fibroblasts, while in cancer it is involved in fine‐tuning DNA repair pathways, exemplified by its suppression of Ku80 in non–small cell lung cancer, and is upregulated in contexts driven by COX‑2/EP4 signaling in breast cancer. Its expression can be affected by nucleotide polymorphisms that disrupt its binding to long noncoding RNAs, thereby influencing cell proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn several cancer types, miR‑526b functions largely as a tumor suppressor. For instance, its expression in cervical cancer restrains epithelial–mesenchymal transition through targeting PBX3, and in gastric cancer it downregulates oncogenic cascades by suppressing KDM4A and its downstream effector YAP1. In breast cancer, overexpression of miR‑526b (often alongside miR‑655) has been linked to increased reactive oxygen species production via upregulation of TXNRD1; meanwhile, in the setting of doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity, miR‑526b–3p contributes to endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting STAT3/VEGFA signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn liver and bone malignancies and other disease states, miR‑526b is similarly involved in governing tumor cell behavior through intricate ceRNA networks. In hepatocellular carcinoma, a feedback loop involving circ_0091581/miR‑526b/c‑Myc underscores its role in controlling proliferation, whereas in osteosarcoma, miR‑526b suppresses metastasis by directly targeting FOXC2; aberrant expression in sepsis‑induced kidney injury further demonstrates its capacity to modulate autophagic pathways via targeting ATG7. In glioma, downregulation of miR‑526b–3p, due to sponging by lncRNAs like LINC00689, results in elevated IGF2BP1 levels that drive tumor growth."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional studies have revealed that in lung cancer miR‑526b–3p can reverse cisplatin resistance by attenuating STAT3/PD‑L1 signaling, while in cervical cancer, its sequestration by oncogenic lncRNAs such as LOXL1‑AS1 alleviates repression of targets like LYPLA1. In glioblastoma, sponging of miR‑526b–3p by HOTAIR compromises its ability to control EVA1 expression, contributing to chemoresistance. In triple‑negative breast cancer, miR‑526b targets lncRNA SLC16A1‑AS1 to suppress proliferation and invasion, and although its precise role in recurrent spontaneous abortion is yet to be fully elucidated, miR‑526b–5p is recognized as a tumor suppressor within placental tissue. Finally, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, exosomal transfer of LAMP3 can be countered by miR‑526b–3p to improve radiosensitivity, and in hepatocellular carcinoma, its inhibition via lncRNA sponging leads to ROBO1‐mediated tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "14", "end_ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qiu-Hong Fan, Rong Yu, Wei-Xian Huang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The has-miR-526b binding-site rs8506G>a polymorphism in the lincRNA-NR_024015 exon identified by GWASs predispose to non-cardia gastric cancer risk."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0090008"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090008"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24595048"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24595048"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zun-yi Zhang, Sheng-ling Fu, Su-qin Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "By downregulating Ku80, hsa-miR-526b suppresses non-small cell lung cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.2808"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.2808"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25596743"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25596743"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mousumi Majumder, Erin Landman, Ling Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "COX-2 Elevates Oncogenic miR-526b in Breast Cancer by EP4 Activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Res (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0543"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0543"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25733698"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25733698"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kyu-Han Kim, Ji-Yong Jung, Eui Dong Son, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-526b targets 3' UTR of MMP1 mRNA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Mol Med (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/emm.2015.52"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2015.52"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26292968"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26292968"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hongfang Li, Jing Wang, Feixue Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "By downregulating PBX3, miR-526b suppresses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in cervical cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Future Oncol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2217/fon-2018-0575"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2018-0575"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30859853"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30859853"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Li-Hua Chen, Lin-Pei Wang, Xiao-Qiu Ma "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circ_SPECC1 enhances the inhibition of miR-526b on downstream KDM4A/YAP1 pathway to regulate the growth and invasion of gastric cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.065"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.065"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31349968"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31349968"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bonita Shin, Riley Feser, Braydon Nault, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR526b and miR655 Induce Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms20164039"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20164039"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31430859"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31430859"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lifu Zhang, Liyan Liu, Xun Li "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-526b-3p mediates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by targeting STAT3 to inactivate VEGFA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109751"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109751"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31958751"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31958751"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaolin Wei, Wenjing Zheng, Peikai Tian, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogenic hsa_circ_0091581 promotes the malignancy of HCC cell through blocking miR-526b from degrading c-MYC mRNA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Cycle (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/15384101.2020.1731945"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2020.1731945"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32116112"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32116112"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ming Yan, Hang Gao, Zhenshan Lv, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circular RNA PVT1 promotes metastasis via regulating of miR-526b/FOXC2 signals in OS cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Mol Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/jcmm.15215"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15215"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32249539"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32249539"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Y-Q Liu, Y-Z Cong, J Jiang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-526b suppresses cell proliferation, cell invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer by targeting Twist1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_202003_20678"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202003_20678"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32271429"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32271429"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ying Liu, Jilai Xiao, Jiakui Sun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "ATG7 promotes autophagy in sepsis‑induced acute kidney injury and is inhibited by miR‑526b."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Med Rep (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/mmr.2020.11001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32323768"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32323768"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wen-Liang Zhan, Ning Gao, Guo-Long Tu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA LINC00689 Promotes the Tumorigenesis of Glioma via Mediation of miR-526b-3p/IGF2BP1 Axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuromolecular Med (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s12017-020-08635-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-020-08635-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33389570"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33389570"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kuan-Bing Chen, Wei Yang, Ying Xuan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-526b-3p inhibits lung cancer cisplatin-resistance and metastasis by inhibiting STAT3-promoted PD-L1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-021-04033-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-04033-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34321456"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34321456"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yanhua Zhang, Meng Zheng, Lingyan Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA LOXL1-AS1 Facilitates the Oncogenic Character in Cervical Cancer by the miR-526b-5p /LYPLA1 Axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Genet (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10528-021-10182-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10182-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34984578"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34984578"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaosong Wang, Xiaojun Yu, Haoran Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Serum-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma through a HOTAIR-dependent mechanism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-022-04699-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-022-04699-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35418162"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35418162"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xingjuan Zhao, Lei Fu, Liqin Zhai, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-526b targets lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 to suppress cell proliferation in triple-negative breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biochem Mol Toxicol (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jbt.23247"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.23247"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36654514"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36654514"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Li Luo, Lu Yao, Youlong Xie, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-526b-5p/c-Myc/Foxp1 participates in recurrent spontaneous abortion by regulating the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblasts."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Assist Reprod Genet (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10815-023-02793-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-023-02793-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37052757"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37052757"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huixiang Lu, Junnian Zhou, Xiaojun Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-526b-3p enhances sensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells to radiotherapy via suppressing exosomal LAMP3-mediated autophagy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Autoimmunity (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/08916934.2023.2259125"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08916934.2023.2259125"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37740656"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37740656"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Song Wu, Tao Tang, Hongchi Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LINC01343 targets miR-526b-5p to facilitate the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating ROBO1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-023-42317-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42317-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37828032"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37828032"}]}]}]}