{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMiR‑548am‑5p is an X chromosome‑encoded microRNA that acts as an escapee from X‑chromosome inactivation, leading to its higher expression in human XX primary dermal fibroblasts compared to XY cells. This differential expression underlies sex‑dependent responses to cellular stress by modulating mitochondria‑mediated apoptosis: elevated miR‑548am‑5p levels in XX cells suppress pro‑apoptotic target transcripts such as Bax, thereby reducing their susceptibility to apoptosis, whereas lower levels in XY cells contribute to enhanced apoptotic sensitivity. Functional manipulations, including lentivirus‑mediated overexpression in XY cells and down‑regulation in XX cells, further confirm that miR‑548am‑5p is a critical regulatory element in determining cell fate upon stress, providing mechanistic insight into observed sexual dimorphism in apoptotic responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Paola Matarrese, Paolo Tieri, Simona Anticoli, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "X-chromosome-linked miR548am-5p is a key regulator of sex disparity in the susceptibility to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-019-1888-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-019-1888-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31511496"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31511496"}]}]}]}