{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, the long non‐coding RNA RP11‐156L14.1 functions as an oncogene by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that directly binds to miR‐548ao‐13p (MIR548AO). Under normal conditions, miR‐548ao‐13p targets the 3′‐UTR of SSR1, thereby suppressing its expression. However, when RP11‐156L14.1 sequesters miR‐548ao‐13p, SSR1 expression is upregulated and its downstream effects promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which in turn enhances tumor growth in vivo."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "In a separate study investigating oncogenic mechanisms in gastric cancer, the protein GRWD1 was found to be overexpressed and implicated as a potential oncogene; however, this study does not report on or establish any functional role for MIR548AO. This contrast highlights that the regulatory function of MIR548AO—specifically its capacity to suppress SSR1 via direct 3′‐UTR targeting—is a distinct mechanism operative in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma rather than a general feature across all tumors."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jing Yan, Zheng-Hui Wang, Yan Yan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RP11‑156L14.1 regulates SSR1 expression by competitively binding to miR‑548ao‑3p in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2020.7762"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7762"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33000261"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33000261"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huiming Ding, Zhenyou Feng, Kongwang Hu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "GRWD1 Over-Expression Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Activating Notch Signaling Pathway via Up-Regulation of ADAM17."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dig Dis Sci (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10620-023-08208-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-023-08208-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38172445"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38172445"}]}]}]}