{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent advances in understanding antiviral immune responses have highlighted the critical role of RNA‐binding proteins. For instance, Mex3B was shown to associate with Toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3) in endosomes, where it binds double‐stranded RNA and enhances the receptor’s dsRNA‐binding activity and proteolytic activation. This process ultimately contributes to the induction of interferon‐β and the innate antiviral response."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \nIn parallel, studies in allergic airway inflammation have revealed that Mex3B plays a pivotal role in upregulating interleukin‐33 (IL-33) expression. By counteracting miRNA-mediated repression (specifically miR-487b-3p), Mex3B facilitates the post-transcriptional induction of IL-33, thereby promoting the inflammatory cascade associated with allergic asthma."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nMoreover, Mex3B has been implicated in reproductive biology; in male mice, its deficiency leads to subfertility due to impaired Sertoli cell function. Here, Mex3B regulates the localization of key cell adhesion molecules and modulates Rap1 activity, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of the blood-testis barrier and the phagocytic capacity of Sertoli cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nComplementing these findings on RNA regulatory factors, the novel microRNA hsa-miR-5739 has been characterized in the context of endothelial differentiation. This miRNA downregulates the translation of endoglin, a critical molecule in endothelial cells derived from human embryonic stem cells, suggesting that miR-5739 functions as an important post-transcriptional regulator during vascular development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan Yang, Su-Yun Wang, Zhe-Fu Huang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The RNA-binding protein Mex3B is a coreceptor of Toll-like receptor 3 in innate antiviral response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Res (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cr.2016.16"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cr.2016.16"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26823206"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26823206"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yusuke Yamazumi, Oh Sasaki, Mitsuru Imamura, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The RNA Binding Protein Mex-3B Is Required for IL-33 Induction in the Development of Allergic Airway Inflammation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.062"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.062"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27545879"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27545879"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maïlys Le Borgne, Nicolas Chartier, Karine Buchet-Poyau, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The RNA-binding protein Mex3b regulates the spatial organization of the Rap1 pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Development (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/dev.108514"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.108514"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24803656"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24803656"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jung Ki Yoo, Jumi Kim, Seong-Jun Choi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The hsa-miR-5739 modulates the endoglin network in endothelial cells derived from human embryonic stem cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22020071"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22020071"}]}]}]}