{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have highlighted microRNA‐588 (miR-588) as a crucial regulator in the progression of several cancer types. In lung squamous cell carcinoma, miR-588 is significantly downregulated, and its reduced expression is associated with advanced tumor stages and lymph node invasion. Functional analyses have demonstrated that miR-588 suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion by directly targeting progranulin (GRN) at the 3′‐untranslated region, thereby lowering GRN mRNA and protein levels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn gastric cancer, low circulating levels of miR-588 are similarly observed, and its overexpression reduces cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-588 directly binds to chemokines such as CXCL5 and CXCL9, which not only modulate tumor growth but also appear to influence immune cell infiltration, thus offering both prognostic and therapeutic insight."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn head and neck malignancies, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, miR-588 functions as a tumor suppressor through distinct regulatory axes. In laryngeal carcinoma, circABCB10 acts as a sponge to bind miR-588, resulting in elevated levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and enhanced tumor invasion and migration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the long non-coding RNA SNHG8 similarly sequesters miR-588, leading to increased expression of the oncogene high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) and thereby promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFurther investigations are ongoing to elucidate the role of miR-588 in renal cancer, with early studies suggesting its involvement in tumor development and progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in the context of glioblastoma, miR-588 along with its potential target Roundabout-directed receptor 1 (ROBO1) has been implicated in responses to hypoxic microenvironments, highlighting a potential role in regulating tumor invasion and proliferation under stress conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Li Qian, Longlong Lin, Yufeng Du, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-588 suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion by targeting GRN in lung squamous cell carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Med Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/mmr.2016.5643"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5643"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27571908"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27571908"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yongyi Chen, Jie Zhang, Wangang Gong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-588 is a prognostic marker in gastric cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aging (Albany NY) (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/aging.202212"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202212"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33323542"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33323542"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jin Zhao, Xing-De Li, Ming Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circular RNA ABCB10 contributes to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) progression by modulating the miR-588/CXCR4 axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aging (Albany NY) (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/aging.203025"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203025"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34015764"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34015764"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qiang Luan, Ruifang Yang, Lejun Lin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "SNHG8"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells as an oncogene through miR-588/HMGA2 axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Can J Physiol Pharmacol (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1139/cjpp-2021-0149"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2021-0149"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35080988"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35080988"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J-S Dong, B Wu, Z-L Zha "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-588 regulates migration capacity and invasiveness of renal cancer cells by targeting EIF5A2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_201912_19662"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201912_19662"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31841179"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31841179"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rui Yu, Rongrong Zhao, Xiaopeng Sun, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-588 regulates the invasive, migratory and vasculogenic mimicry-forming abilities of hypoxic glioma cells by targeting ROBO1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Rep (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11033-022-08063-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-08063-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36459288"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36459288"}]}]}]}