{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have identified a critical role for miR‐643 in modulating cellular responses to infection. In human colon epithelial cells, exposure to virulent Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites rapidly upregulates miR‐643. This microRNA then binds to the 3′‐untranslated region of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) mRNA, leading to its downregulation and resulting in caspase-3 and -9 activation that culminates in apoptosis. Such a mechanism suggests that miR‐643 functions as a pivotal pro‐apoptotic effector in the host response against amoebiasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the setting of uterine inflammation, miR‐643 also emerges as an important regulatory molecule. In LPS-treated human endometrial epithelial cells, miR‐643 levels are suppressed, and this downregulation is associated with upregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and activation of the NF-κB pathway. Conversely, overexpression of miR‐643 attenuates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines—such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6—by directly targeting TRAF6, thereby mitigating the inflammatory response in endometritis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nNotably, emerging evidence in the context of gastric cancer suggests that the role of miR‐643 in tumorigenesis remains to be clearly defined. While alterations in microRNA expression profiles are common in gastrointestinal malignancies, the specific contributions of miR‐643 to the development or progression of gastric cancer warrant further investigation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional regulatory control of miR‐643 has been observed through interactions with non-coding RNA networks. In particular, the circular RNA circFADS2 is downregulated in endometritis but, when overexpressed in human endometrial epithelial cells, promotes the maturation of miR‐643. The resulting increase in mature miR‐643 levels protects against LPS-induced apoptosis, reinforcing its protective role in maintaining cellular integrity under inflammatory conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Itzel López-Rosas, César López-Camarillo, Yarely M Salinas-Vera, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "Entamoeba histolytica"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Up-Regulates MicroRNA-643 to Promote Apoptosis by Targeting XIAP in Human Epithelial Colon Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3389/fcimb.2018.00437"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00437"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30671387"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30671387"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rui Zhao, Jing Wang, Xiaojuan Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-643 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis progression by targeting TRAF6."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Biol Int (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cbin.11306"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.11306"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31930635"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31930635"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yingxin Wu, Huaping Ye, Bo Peng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-643 Functions as a Potential Tumor Suppressor in Gastric Cancer by Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Invasion "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "via"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Targeting TXNDC9."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ann Clin Lab Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34452887"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34452887"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuanjiao Liang, Qi Ming, Tao Shen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CircRNA circFADS2 is Downregulated in Endometritis and its Overexpression Promotes miR-643 Maturation in Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells to Suppress Cell Apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reprod Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s43032-021-00720-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00720-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34478121"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34478121"}]}]}]}