{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nNon‐coding RNAs are increasingly recognized as key regulators in tumorigenesis, with evidence highlighting that long non‐coding RNAs, such as APAP1‑AS1, can function as oncogenes by promoting cancer cell growth and progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn parallel with these lncRNAs, microRNAs have emerged as critical modulators of gene expression. In particular, a novel miRNA—miR‑6867‑5p—has been identified to bind specific Z‑DNA forming sequences (ZFS) located within the promoter region of the prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) gene. These ZFS, which include elements derived from transposable elements, act as regulatory motifs that mediate gene transcription. By interacting with these non‑canonical DNA structures, miR‑6867‑5p suppresses PTGR1 expression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTogether, these findings reveal a sophisticated network in which both lncRNAs and microRNAs orchestrate gene expression during tumorigenesis. The direct binding of miR‑6867‑5p to Z‑DNA forming sequences not only disrupts promoter activity but also exemplifies the interplay among diverse genomic elements—ranging from transposable elements to non‑coding RNAs—in fine‑tuning transcriptional regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bo Pang, Yanfang Gan, Jing Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "lncRNA ARAP1-AS1 enhances proliferation and impairs apoptosis of lymphoma cells by sponging miR-6867-5p."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Biomark (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3233/CBM-230103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3233/CBM-230103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37599524"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37599524"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Du Hyeong Lee, Woo Hyeon Bae, Hongseok Ha, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The human PTGR1 gene expression is controlled by TE-derived Z-DNA forming sequence cooperating with miR-6867-5p."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-024-55332-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55332-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38413664"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38413664"}]}]}]}