{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMiR‐92b has emerged as a multifunctional microRNA with context‐dependent roles in cancer. In several tumor types – including primary brain tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma, non‐small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, synovial sarcoma, colorectal carcinoma, gastric cancer, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, clear cell renal carcinoma, and triple‐negative breast cancer – elevated miR‐92b levels promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance. It exerts these oncogenic effects by directly targeting key tumor suppressor genes such as PTEN, Smad7, RECK, HOXD10, DAB2IP, p57^kip2, TSC1, and EZH2 and by modulating major signaling cascades including PI3K/AKT, mTOR, and Wnt/β‐catenin. Notably, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, increased miR‐92b expression correlates with reduced lymph node metastasis, suggesting a potential tumor‐suppressive role in this context."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "27"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its roles in cancer, miR‐92b regulates diverse physiological and developmental processes. In intestinal epithelial cells it modulates the expression of the peptide transporter PepT1 to affect nutrient absorption. In bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, upregulation of the miR‐92b‐5p isoform promotes osteogenic differentiation via direct targeting of ICAM‐1, while in vascular smooth muscle cells under hypoxic conditions it enhances proliferation by repressing TSC1 and thus activating mTOR signaling. Furthermore, miR‐92b influences placental trophoblast invasion in preeclampsia, mediates lens epithelial cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition in posterior capsule opacification, participates in pancreatic β‐cell functional regulation, and modulates chondrocyte matrix turnover in osteoarthritis; it also impacts mammary stem/progenitor cell activity, suggesting broader roles in tissue development and homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "28", "end_ref": "35"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCollectively, the aberrant expression and extracellular release of miR‐92b underscore its potential as a noninvasive biomarker for early detection, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring across a spectrum of malignancies and pathological conditions. 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