MMRN2 Gene

HGNC Family	EMI domain containing
Name	multimerin 2
Description	This gene encodes a protein belonging to the member of elastin microfibril interface-located (EMILIN) protein family. This family member is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that can interfere with tumor angiogenesis and growth. It serves as a transforming growth factor beta antagonist and can interfere with the VEGF-A/VEGFR2 pathway. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMultimerin‑2 (MMRN2) is an endothelial‐specific extracellular matrix glycoprotein that directly engages key cell‐surface receptors to regulate vessel formation. Notably, MMRN2 has been identified as a specific ligand for CD93, and subsequent structural and binding studies further revealed its direct association with group 14 C‑type lectins such as CLEC14A and CD248. These interactions, mediated by defined regions within its coiled‑coil domain and complementary binding motifs on the receptor ectodomains, modulate endothelial cell adhesion, migration, and sprouting—processes fundamental to both normal and tumor angiogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its role as an adhesion ligand, MMRN2 exerts anti‑angiogenic functions by binding potent cytokines such as VEGFA, thereby limiting their bioavailability and curtailing excessive neovessel formation. Moreover, proteolytic cleavage of MMRN2 by matrix metalloproteinases—particularly MMP‑9—during angiogenic stimulation correlates with enhanced endothelial migration and destabilization of cell–cell junctions. These findings underscore the role of MMRN2 in modulating the dynamic balance between vessel stabilization and remodeling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nClinically, aberrant expression or processing of MMRN2 is observed in various tumors, including gastric cancer, where its down‑regulation and proteolytic remodeling are associated with defective vessel maturation, increased vascular permeability, and compromised drug delivery. These observations highlight MMRN2 not only as a central regulator of endothelial function and sprouting angiogenesis but also as a promising biomarker for predicting treatment efficacy and a potential target for anti‑angiogenic therapy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Federico Galvagni, Federica Nardi, Ottavia Spiga, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dissecting the CD93-Multimerin 2 interaction involved in cell adhesion and migration of the activated endothelium."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matrix Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.matbio.2017.08.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2017.08.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28912033"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28912033"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K A Khan, A J Naylor, A Khan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Multimerin-2 is a ligand for group 14 family C-type lectins CLEC14A, CD93 and CD248 spanning the endothelial pericyte interface."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2017.214"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2017.214"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28671670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28671670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sara Zanivan, Federica Maione, Marco Y Hein, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SILAC-based proteomics of human primary endothelial cell morphogenesis unveils tumor angiogenic markers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Proteomics (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/mcp.M113.031344"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M113.031344"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23979707"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23979707"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "P J Noy, P Lodhia, K Khan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blocking CLEC14A-MMRN2 binding inhibits sprouting angiogenesis and tumour growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2015.34"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2015.34"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25745997"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25745997"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eva Andreuzzi, Roberta Colladel, Rosanna Pellicani, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The angiostatic molecule Multimerin 2 is processed by MMP-9 to allow sprouting angiogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matrix Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.matbio.2017.04.002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2017.04.002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28435016"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28435016"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rosanna Pellicani, Evelina Poletto, Eva Andreuzzi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Multimerin-2 maintains vascular stability and permeability."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matrix Biol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.matbio.2019.08.002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2019.08.002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31422156"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31422156"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eva Andreuzzi, Alessandra Capuano, Rosanna Pellicani, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Loss of Multimerin-2 and EMILIN-2 Expression in Gastric Cancer Associate with Altered Angiogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms19123983"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123983"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30544909"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30544909"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	ENDOGLYX-1, EMILIN-3, EMILIN3
Proteins	MMRN2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	79812
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

MMRN2 has 4,883 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 107 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for MMRN2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

MMRN2 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of MMRN2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with MMRN2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MMRN2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of MMRN2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of MMRN2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of MMRN2 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of MMRN2 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing MMRN2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing MMRN2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing MMRN2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing MMRN2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with MMRN2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with MMRN2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with MMRN2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with MMRN2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with MMRN2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with MMRN2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by MMRN2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with MMRN2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with MMRN2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with MMRN2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with MMRN2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MMRN2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MMRN2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of MMRN2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MMRN2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MMRN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with MMRN2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MMRN2 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.