| HGNC Family | Non-coding RNAs |
| Name | MYCN opposite strand |
| Description | This gene is transcribed in antisense to the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog gene (MYCN). It is thought to encode a small, novel protein that stabilizes MYCN, prevents apoptosis, and promotes cell proliferation. Transcripts at this locus may also act directly as functional RNAs to recruit transcriptional regulators to the promoter of MYCN and stimulate transcription of this oncogene. This gene therefore functions through both RNA and protein products. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMYCNOS, also referred to as NCYM, is the cis‐antisense transcript from the MYCN gene that was originally thought to be non‐coding but is now known to encode a de novo evolved protein with oncogenic functions. Early work demonstrated that NCYM/ MYCNOS is co‐amplified and co‐expressed with MYCN in neuroblastomas, where its expression correlates with aggressive disease and poor clinical outcomes. In these tumors, MYCN directly transactivates both MYCN and MYCNOS, establishing a basis for their concerted pathogenic roles."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n \nMYCNOS exerts its oncogenic effects through multiple mechanisms. Its protein product stabilizes MYCN by inhibiting the activity of GSK3β—a kinase responsible for MYCN degradation—thereby prolonging MYCN’s half‐life. Moreover, MYCNOS contributes to positive feedback loops (for example, with OCT4 in neuroblastoma) and forms regulatory complexes with other long non‐coding RNAs like lncUSMycN and LSINCT5 that further enhance MYCN expression. In addition, alternative splicing generates distinct MYCNOS transcripts (e.g. MYCNOS-01 and -02) that reciprocally regulate MYCN expression in neuroblastoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "3", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n \nBeyond these direct interactions, additional regulatory layers have been identified. Epigenetic modifications, such as promoter hypomethylation, drive the transcriptional activation of the MYCN/MYCNOS locus in tumors like hepatoblastoma, while transcription factors (for instance, TAp63) can suppress the bidirectional transcription of both MYCN and MYCNOS, thereby influencing tumor growth and drug sensitivity. Collectively, these studies underscore that both the protein-coding and non-coding functions of MYCNOS contribute to tumor progression in a variety of cancers and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yusuke Suenaga, S M Rafiqul Islam, Jennifer Alagu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NCYM, a Cis-antisense gene of MYCN, encodes a de novo evolved protein that inhibits GSK3β resulting in the stabilization of MYCN in human neuroblastomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS Genet (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1003996"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003996"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24391509"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24391509"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yoshiki Kaneko, Yusuke Suenaga, S M Rafiqul Islam, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Functional interplay between MYCN, NCYM, and OCT4 promotes aggressiveness of human neuroblastomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/cas.12677"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.12677"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25880909"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25880909"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pei Y Liu, Bernard Atmadibrata, Sujanna Mondal, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NCYM is upregulated by lncUSMycN and modulates N-Myc expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Oncol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/ijo.2016.3730"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3730"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27748806"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27748806"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eleanor M O'Brien, Joanna L Selfe, Ana Sofia Martins, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The long non-coding RNA MYCNOS-01 regulates MYCN protein levels and affects growth of MYCN-amplified rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cancer (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12885-018-4129-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4129-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29466962"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29466962"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaobo Zhu, Yuqiao Li, Shikai Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LSINCT5 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by interacting with NCYM to promote bladder cancer progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.076"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.076"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29772237"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29772237"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Corinna Eberherr, Alexander Beck, Christian Vokuhl, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Targeting excessive MYCN expression using MLN8237 and JQ1 impairs the growth of hepatoblastoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Oncol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/ijo.2019.4741"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4741"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30864675"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30864675"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yusuke Suenaga, Mami Yamamoto, Tetsushi Sakuma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TAp63 represses transcription of MYCN/NCYM gene and its high levels of expression are associated with favorable outcome in neuroblastoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.052"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.052"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31427086"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31427086"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yusuke Suenaga, Kazuma Nakatani, Akira Nakagawara "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "De novo evolved gene product NCYM in the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of human neuroblastomas and other cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jpn J Clin Oncol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/jjco/hyaa097"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaa097"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32577751"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32577751"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | MYCN-AS1, NCYM, N-CYM, NYCM |
| Proteins | NCYM_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10408 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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MYCNOS has 2,289 functional associations with biological entities spanning 7 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 40 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for MYCNOS from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with MYCNOS gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MYCNOS gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MYCNOS gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MYCNOS gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MYCNOS gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MYCNOS gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with MYCNOS gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MYCNOS from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving MYCNOS gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing MYCNOS protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MYCNOS gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of MYCNOS gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain MYCNOS protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MYCNOS gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules | co-expressed genes for MYCNOS from the MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of MYCNOS gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MYCNOS gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of MYCNOS gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
