MYO19 Gene

HGNC Family	Myosins (MYH, MYO)
Name	myosin XIX
Description	Enables ATP hydrolysis activity and actin binding activity. Involved in regulation of cytokinesis and regulation of mitochondrial fission. Acts upstream of or within mitochondrion migration along actin filament. Located in cytosol and mitochondrial outer membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMYO19 is a novel actin‐based motor protein that localizes to mitochondria through a unique C‐terminal membrane association (MyMOMA) domain. Early studies established that this motor’s tail contains a defined basic region essential for stable mitochondrial binding, and biochemical analyses of its motor domain reveal a high duty ratio achieved through slow ADP isomerization and release. These features suggest that MYO19 is well adapted to sustain actin‐based forces needed for mitochondrial transport and morphology regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSubsequent investigations have revealed critical roles for MYO19 in organelle dynamics and cellular homeostasis. In interphase and during cell division, overexpression of full‐length MYO19 enhances mitochondrial motility along actin filaments, whereas its depletion leads to aberrant mitochondrial distribution, missegregation during cytokinesis, and compromised respiratory function accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species. These data underscore the importance of MYO19 in ensuring proper mitochondrial inheritance and cell division fidelity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional studies have shown that MYO19 function is modulated by its interactions with mitochondrial Rho GTPases such as Miro1 and Miro2. Miro‐dependent recruitment of MYO19 to the mitochondrial surface bridges actin‐ and microtubule‐based transport systems through nucleotide‐regulated binding, while under stress conditions, MYO19 directs mitochondria into filopodial extensions. This coordinated activity emphasizes an adaptive role for MYO19 in maintaining mitochondrial positioning and dynamics in response to changing cellular conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Omar A Quintero, Melinda M DiVito, Rebecca C Adikes, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human Myo19 is a novel myosin that associates with mitochondria."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Biol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cub.2009.10.026"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.10.026"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19932026"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19932026"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jenci L Hawthorne, Prachi R Mehta, Pali P Singh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Positively charged residues within the MYO19 MyMOMA domain are essential for proper localization of MYO19 to the mitochondrial outer membrane."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cm.21305"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cm.21305"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27126804"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27126804"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Marko Ušaj, Arnon Henn "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kinetic adaptation of human Myo19 for active mitochondrial transport to growing filopodia tips."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-017-11984-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11984-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28912602"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28912602"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jennifer L Rohn, Jigna V Patel, Beate Neumann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Myo19 ensures symmetric partitioning of mitochondria and coupling of mitochondrial segregation to cell division."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Biol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.045"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.045"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25447992"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25447992"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Katarzyna Majstrowicz, Ulrike Honnert, Petra Nikolaus, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Coordination of mitochondrial and cellular dynamics by the actin-based motor Myo19."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.255844"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.255844"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34013964"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34013964"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Boris I Shneyer, Marko Ušaj, Arnon Henn "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Myo19 is an outer mitochondrial membrane motor and effector of starvation-induced filopodia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.175349"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.175349"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26659663"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26659663"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stefanie J Oeding, Katarzyna Majstrowicz, Xiao-Ping Hu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of Miro1 and Miro2 as mitochondrial receptors for myosin XIX."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.219469"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.219469"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30111583"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30111583"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jennifer L Bocanegra, Barbara M Fujita, Natalie R Melton, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The MyMOMA domain of MYO19 encodes for distinct Miro-dependent and Miro-independent mechanisms of interaction with mitochondrial membranes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cm.21560"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cm.21560"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31479585"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31479585"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	MYOHD1
Proteins	MYO19_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	80179
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

MYO19 has 6,408 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 108 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for MYO19 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

MYO19 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of MYO19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with MYO19 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with MYO19 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MYO19 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of MYO19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of MYO19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing MYO19 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of MYO19 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing MYO19 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing MYO19 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing MYO19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing MYO19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with MYO19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with MYO19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of MYO19 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with MYO19 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with MYO19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with MYO19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of MYO19 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by MYO19 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with MYO19 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with MYO19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with MYO19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with MYO19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with MYO19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MYO19 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MYO19 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of MYO19 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MYO19 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of MYO19 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with MYO19 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.