{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nNinein‐like protein (Nlp, also known as NINL) is a centrosomal protein that plays a pivotal role in orchestrating cell cycle progression. It is essential for microtubule nucleation, centrosome maturation, and proper spindle formation, thereby ensuring accurate chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Nlp’s localization and stability are tightly regulated by mitotic kinases such as Plk1, Cdc2/cyclin B1, and Aurora B, which modulate its interaction with the dynein–dynactin motor complex and direct its timely degradation via the APC/c pathway. These coordinated modifications are crucial for proper organelle positioning—for example, influencing Golgi fragmentation and lysosome dispersion during mitosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its mitotic functions, Nlp is critically involved in the regulation of ciliary trafficking and function. It directly interacts with transition zone proteins such as CC2D2A and associates with regulators of vesicle docking like MICAL3 and Rab8a. These interactions facilitate the proper docking and trafficking of cilia-destined cargo, a process that is essential for maintaining the specialized composition of the ciliary membrane in photoreceptors and other sensory cells. Moreover, following UV-induced damage, Nlp is translocated to the nucleus where it enhances nucleotide excision repair by promoting the association of key repair factors."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAberrant expression or misregulation of Nlp has been strongly implicated in tumorigenesis. Overexpression of Nlp is frequently observed in multiple cancers, including those of the breast, lung, ovary, and head and neck, where it contributes to genomic instability by inducing aberrant spindle formation, cytokinesis failure, and centrosome amplification. Moreover, Nlp’s interaction with tumor suppressors such as BRCA1 and its deregulated degradation via mutations in APC/c targeting motifs further accentuate its oncogenic potential. Consequently, elevated levels of Nlp not only serve as a potential biomarker for malignancy but are also associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, highlighting its relevance as a candidate target in the development of novel anticancer therapies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Martina Casenghi, Francis A Barr, Erich A Nigg "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Phosphorylation of Nlp by Plk1 negatively regulates its dynein-dynactin-dependent targeting to the centrosome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.02622"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.02622"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16254247"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16254247"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yang Wang, Qimin Zhan "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell cycle-dependent expression of centrosomal ninein-like protein in human cells is regulated by the anaphase-promoting complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M701350200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M701350200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17403670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17403670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xuelian Zhao, Shunqian Jin, Yongmei Song, et al. 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