Name | nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) |
Description | The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of nitric oxide synthases, which synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine. Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical, which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission, and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, nitric oxide displays many properties of a neurotransmitter, and has been implicated in neurotoxicity associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, neural regulation of smooth muscle, including peristalsis, and penile erection. This protein is ubiquitously expressed, with high level of expression in skeletal muscle. Multiple transcript variants that differ in the 5' UTR have been described for this gene but the full-length nature of these transcripts is not known. Additionally, alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms (some testis-specific) have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011] |
Summary |
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These observations collectively point to a key function for NOS1 in modulating brain circuitry and behavior."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the vasculature, NOS1‐derived nitric oxide is essential for regulating basal microvascular tone and ensuring proper regional blood flow. Unlike endothelial NOS‐derived nitric oxide that mediates receptor‐stimulated vasodilatation, NOS1 modulates local vessel tone under resting conditions and during centrally mediated stimuli such as mental stress and whole‐body heat stress. Its activity has been demonstrated in the coronary, forearm, and cutaneous circulations, underscoring the enzyme’s distinct and nonredundant role in cardiovascular homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "11", "end_ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn skeletal muscle, NOS1 is a key mediator of exercise‐induced signaling. Proper sarcolemmal localization of NOS1 has been shown to support fatigue resistance following mild exercise challenges, and its expression uniformly increases across different muscle fiber types during intense training. These functions contribute to improved endurance and protection against disproportionate fatigue responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn contexts of pathological stress, aberrant NOS1 expression and activity can drive deleterious signaling. Upregulation of NOS1 in cancer‐associated fibroblasts, for instance, sustains protumorigenic functions and promotes lymphangiogenesis, while in mast cells, NOS1 regulates the release of inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes. Moreover, in models of neurotoxicity, increased NOS1 activity leads to S‐nitrosylation of critical proteins and induction of apoptosis, and in the heart, NOS1 dysregulation has been implicated in altered Ca²⁺ handling that may contribute to heart failure. Finally, under oxidative stress conditions, uncoupling of NOS1—due to shifts in cofactor availability—promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species rather than nitric oxide, thereby exacerbating cellular injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "20", "end_ref": "25"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nGenetic and post‐transcriptional regulation further fine‐tunes NOS1 function in peripheral tissues. Alternative splicing events within its 5′‐untranslated region serve as potent regulators of its translation, and polymorphisms in NOS1 have been associated with variations in biomarkers such as exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic individuals. In addition, NOS1-dependent signaling has been linked to red blood cell function during aging. 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|
Synonyms | IHPS1, BNOS, NNOS, N-NOS, NC-NOS, NOS |
Proteins | NOS1_HUMAN |
NCBI Gene ID | 4842 |
API | |
Download Associations | |
Predicted Functions |
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Co-expressed Genes |
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Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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NOS1 has 7,647 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 111 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for NOS1 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
Dataset | Summary | |
---|---|---|
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Biocarta Pathways | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset. | |
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with NOS1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NOS1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of NOS1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of NOS1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing NOS1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with NOS1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
CORUM Protein Complexes | protein complexs containing NOS1 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset. | |
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with NOS1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with NOS1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with NOS1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action | small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of NOS1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset. | |
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by NOS1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases | phosphatases that dephosphorylate NOS1 protein from the curated DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases dataset. | |
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with NOS1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with NOS1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
DrugBank Drug Targets | interacting drugs for NOS1 protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset. | |
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NOS1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NOS1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of NOS1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NOS1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with NOS1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NOS1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving NOS1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving NOS1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing NOS1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing NOS1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by NOS1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by NOS1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors | ligands (chemical) binding NOS1 receptor from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset. | |
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with NOS1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes | interacting metabolites for NOS1 protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset. | |
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NOS1 protein relative to other cell types and tissues from the HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting hub proteins for NOS1 from the curated Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations | cell types associated with NOS1 gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset. | |
HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression | cell types associated with NOS1 gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset. | |
HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations | cell types associated with NOS1 gene from the HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations dataset. | |
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with NOS1 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
HumanCyc Pathways | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset. | |
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for NOS1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of NOS1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
KEA Substrates of Kinases | kinases that phosphorylate NOS1 protein from the curated KEA Substrates of Kinases dataset. | |
KEGG Pathways | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the KEGG Pathways dataset. | |
Kinase Library Serine Threonine Kinome Atlas | kinases that phosphorylate NOS1 protein from the Kinase Library Serine Threonine Atlas dataset. | |
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NOS1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing NOS1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain NOS1 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by NOS1 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by NOS1 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
MW Enzyme Metabolite Associations | interacting metabolites for NOS1 protein from the MW Gene Metabolite Associations dataset. | |
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for NOS1 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with NOS1 protein in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
Reactome Pathways 2014 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset. | |
Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of NOS1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NOS1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of NOS1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics | cell lines associated with NOS1 protein from the Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics dataset. | |
SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations | synaptic terms associated with NOS1 gene from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset. | |
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of NOS1 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of NOS1 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of NOS1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of NOS1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of NOS1 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with NOS1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving NOS1 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |