{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe long noncoding RNA NRAV (negative regulator of antiviral response) has been shown to modulate host–virus interactions. In the context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, NRAV expression is significantly downregulated in patients, which appears to be part of the host’s antiviral defense. When overexpressed in respiratory epithelial cells, NRAV facilitates RSV proliferation by indirectly enhancing vesicle transport—specifically by sponging microRNA miR‑509‑3p to relieve repression on Rab5c, a vesicle trafficking protein essential for effective viral uptake and membrane fusion. This implicates NRAV as a key player in modulating the efficiency of viral entry and replication."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), NRAV exhibits oncogenic functions. Elevated NRAV levels in HCC tissues and cell lines correlate with enhanced cell viability, proliferation, and invasion. Mechanistic studies indicate that NRAV acts as a competing endogenous RNA by binding to miR‑199a‑3p, thereby derepressing its target CISD2. The miR‑199a‑3p/CISD2 regulatory axis appears to contribute to the activation of downstream signaling pathways such as Wnt/β‑catenin, further promoting tumorigenic behaviors in liver cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMoreover, genetic studies in gastric cancer have identified NRAV as one of several lncRNAs whose expression is affected by risk-associated SNPs. Increased NRAV levels, influenced by these genetic variants, have been associated with a higher risk of gastric cancer development. This emerging evidence supports a broader role for NRAV not only in moderating antiviral responses and tumor cell behavior in HCC, but also as a potential biomarker in cancer risk assessment."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}]}]}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jian Li, Miao Li, Xiuli Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long Noncoding RNA NRAV Promotes Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication by Targeting the MicroRNA miR-509-3p/Rab5c Axis To Regulate Vesicle Transportation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.00113-20"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00113-20"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32102886"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32102886"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qingxian Wang, Yumei Tang, Yuansen Ge, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA NRAV enhances proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bioengineered (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/21655979.2022.2062977"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2062977"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35436415"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35436415"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan Zhang, Yun Gao, Fengyuan Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA NRAV in the 12q24.31 risk locus drives gastric cancer development through glucose metabolism reprogramming."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carcinogenesis (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/carcin/bgad080"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgad080"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37950445"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37950445"}]}]}]}