| HGNC Family | G protein-coupled receptors |
| Name | opsin 1 (cone pigments), medium-wave-sensitive 2 |
| Description | This gene encodes for a light absorbing visual pigment of the opsin gene family. The encoded protein is called green cone photopigment or medium-wavelength sensitive opsin. Opsins are G-protein coupled receptors with seven transmembrane domains, an N-terminal extracellular domain, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. The long-wavelength opsin gene and multiple copies of the medium-wavelength opsin gene are tandemly arrayed on the X chromosome and frequent unequal recombination and gene conversion may occur between these sequences. X chromosomes may have fusions of the medium- and long-wavelength opsin genes or may have more than one copy of these genes. Defects in this gene are the cause of deutanopic colorblindness. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOPN1MW2 belongs to the cone opsin family, proteins fundamentally responsible for mediating visible‐light detection and color discrimination in the retina. Evidence from immunochemical studies demonstrates that antibodies against longer-wavelength opsins, which likely include OPN1MW2, strongly label cells in the basal layer of human epidermis. This suggests that, beyond its well-established role in visual perception, OPN1MW2 may contribute to cutaneous photoreception by detecting environmental light cues."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nIn non‐retinal tissues such as the skin, the detection of opsin proteins analogous to retinal photoreceptors indicates an additional layer of light sensitivity that might be critical for regulating local physiological responses. The distinct spatial distribution—where the longer-wavelength opsin immunoreactivity is concentrated in the basal layer as opposed to the upper layers exhibiting reactivity for rhodopsin and shorter-wavelength opsins—underscores a potential role for OPN1MW2 in processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and circadian modulation within the epidermis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nFurthermore, PCR analyses confirm that genes encoding opsin-like proteins are expressed in both the retina and the skin, reinforcing the hypothesis that OPN1MW2 may exert dual functions. In the retina, it aids in color perception, whereas in the epidermis it could participate in non-visual photobiological responses that modulate skin homeostasis and environmental adaptation. These findings encourage further investigation into how opsin-mediated light detection in peripheral tissues influences broader physiological processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Moe Tsutsumi, Kazuyuki Ikeyama, Sumiko Denda, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expressions of rod and cone photoreceptor-like proteins in human epidermis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Dermatol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00851.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00851.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19493002"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19493002"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | GOP |
| NCBI Gene ID | 728458 |
| API | |
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| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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OPN1MW2 has 438 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (molecular profile, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 26 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for OPN1MW2 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of OPN1MW2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing OPN1MW2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with OPN1MW2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with OPN1MW2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with OPN1MW2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with OPN1MW2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with OPN1MW2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with OPN1MW2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of OPN1MW2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of OPN1MW2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with OPN1MW2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of OPN1MW2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of OPN1MW2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving OPN1MW2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by OPN1MW2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of OPN1MW2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of OPN1MW2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of OPN1MW2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of OPN1MW2 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| MiRTarBase microRNA Targets | microRNAs targeting OPN1MW2 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of OPN1MW2 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of OPN1MW2 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of OPN1MW2 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of OPN1MW2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with OPN1MW2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving OPN1MW2 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |
