{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent genetic studies have identified a significant association between a stop‐gain polymorphism in the OR4C16 gene (OR4C16G>A) and an increased risk of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Korean women. Specifically, carriers of the OR4C16GA + AA genotype were more likely to experience RPL, a correlation that was further strengthened by concomitant alterations in blood coagulation parameters, such as prothrombin time. These findings suggest that OR4C16 may serve as a clinically useful biomarker to predict susceptibility, aid in the prevention, and improve the prognosis of RPL."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn related investigations into cardiovascular and developmental biology, other groups have evaluated the influence of microRNAs on tissue injury and cellular maturation. For example, downregulation of miR-292-5p in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury models was shown to activate the PPAR-α/PPAR-γ signaling pathway, leading to decreased oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, thereby mitigating cardiac damage."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional studies focusing on stem cell quiescence and B cell development have further unraveled the regulatory complexities mediated by non-coding RNAs such as miR-292-5p. In murine very small embryonic-like stem cells, specific miRNA expression patterns modulate cell cycle checkpoints and insulin-like growth factor signaling, while in early B cell development, miR290-5p/292-5p contribute to the activation of immunoglobulin kappa light chain transcription through enhanced binding of key transcription factors. Collectively, these findings underscore the broader context of genetic and epigenetic regulatory networks in which candidate genes like OR4C16 might interact for diverse developmental processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chang Soo Ryu, Jung Hyun Sakong, Eun Hee Ahn, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association study of the three functional polymorphisms (TAS2R46G>A, OR4C16G>A, and OR4X1A>T) with recurrent pregnancy loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Genomics (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13258-018-0738-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-018-0738-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30203366"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30203366"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhen-Dong Zhu, Ji-Yun Ye, Hua Niu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Effects of microRNA-292-5p on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α/-γ signaling pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene Ther (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41434-018-0014-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41434-018-0014-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29670247"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29670247"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Magdalena Maj, Gabriela Schneider, Janina Ratajczak, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The cell cycle- and insulin-signaling-inhibiting miRNA expression pattern of very small embryonic-like stem cells contributes to their quiescent state."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Biol Med (Maywood) (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1177/1535370215584940"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1535370215584940"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25966979"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25966979"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Patty B Garcia, Amie Cai, Jamie G Bates, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR290-5p/292-5p activate the immunoglobulin kappa locus in B cell development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0043805"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043805"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22928038"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22928038"}]}]}]}