{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have expanded our understanding of olfactory receptors beyond odor detection, examining their roles in diverse biological processes. In one investigation focused on idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Korean women, several stop‐gain polymorphisms in olfactory receptor genes were assessed. Although the study primarily identified a significant association between the OR4C16 polymorphism and RPL, this work also included the OR4X1A>T (rs10838851) variant in its analysis, indicating that alterations in olfactory receptor function may have broader implications for reproductive biology, even if a direct link for OR4X1 remains to be established."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn a separate investigation aimed at dissecting the genetic determinants of pulmonary function, the OR4X1 gene emerged as a candidate factor influencing the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio. Here, a nonfunctioning single-nucleotide polymorphism (nSNP) in OR4X1 (rs10838851, resulting in a Tyr273Ter stop codon) was significantly associated with variations in FEV1.0/FVC measurements. Furthermore, haplotype analyses of the OR4X1 gene revealed that specific genetic backgrounds correlate with subtle yet measurable differences in lung function, suggesting that OR4X1 may contribute to individual variability in respiratory physiology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTogether, these studies underscore the emerging roles of olfactory receptor genes like OR4X1 in nonolfactory tissues. While its involvement in reproductive outcomes remains ambiguous based on current evidence, the association of OR4X1 variants with pulmonary function highlights its potential impact on respiratory health. Continued research into the mechanisms by which OR4X1 influences these diverse processes may help to clarify its role as a genetic biomarker and its possible applications in clinical prognosis and prevention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chang Soo Ryu, Jung Hyun Sakong, Eun Hee Ahn, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association study of the three functional polymorphisms (TAS2R46G>A, OR4C16G>A, and OR4X1A>T) with recurrent pregnancy loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Genomics (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13258-018-0738-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-018-0738-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30203366"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30203366"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Noriaki Takabatake, Sayumi Toriyama, Yasuchika Takeishi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A nonfunctioning single nucleotide polymorphism in olfactory receptor gene family is associated with the forced expiratory volume in the first second/the forced vital capacity values of pulmonary function test in a Japanese population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.068"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.068"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17964544"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17964544"}]}]}]}