{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn hepatocellular carcinoma, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–derived exosomes have been shown to suppress the malignant behaviors of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Treatment with these exosomes markedly reduced CSC proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis stimulation, and self‐renewal, thereby suggesting a promising anti‐tumor strategy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMechanistically, the exosomes upregulate the long noncoding RNA C5orf66‐AS1 in CSCs, which functions by sequestering microRNA-127-3p. This interaction leads to the upregulation of DUSP1 expression, a dual-specificity phosphatase that in turn diminishes ERK phosphorylation. The resultant signaling cascade effectively underlies the observed inhibition of CSC malignant properties."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn vivo experiments further confirmed these findings, demonstrating that MSC-derived exosomes reduce the growth of CSC-induced xenograft tumors in nude mice. Importantly, the restorative effects observed following miR-127-3p overexpression or DUSP1 silencing highlight the critical role of the C5orf66-AS1/miR-127-3p/DUSP1/ERK axis in mediating these anti-tumor effects."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hao Gu, Chao Yan, Haijun Wan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes block malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells through a lncRNA C5orf66-AS1/microRNA-127-3p/DUSP1/ERK axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Cell (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13577-021-00599-9"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13577-021-00599-9"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34431063"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34431063"}]}]}]}