{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPOM121 is an integral transmembrane nucleoporin that plays a central role in nuclear pore complex (NPC) assembly and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Studies have shown that its nuclear localization signals mediate binding to importin α/β and interactions with scaffold nucleoporins (such as Nup155 and Nup160), ensuring proper NPC formation during interphase and facilitating the active import of selected inner nuclear membrane proteins. This specialized role in orchestrating nuclear import underscores its importance in maintaining nuclear homeostasis and regulated gene expression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its canonical roles in nuclear transport, full‐length POM121 has been implicated in facilitating the nuclear import of viral components. For instance, in the context of HIV-1 infection, POM121 interacts with the import factor karyopherin-β1 via its FG-repeat and adjacent α-helical domains, thereby promoting the efficient nuclear entry of the viral pre-integration complex. This finding highlights POM121’s contribution to hijacked nuclear import pathways exploited during viral replication."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMoreover, aberrant expression of POM121 is increasingly recognized in several cancers and neurodegenerative conditions. In prostate cancer, enhanced POM121 expression promotes the import of key oncogenic transcription factors, contributing to tumor aggressiveness. Similar overexpression in colorectal and laryngeal cancers correlates with metastasis, altered cell cycle regulation, and poorer overall survival, marking it as a potential prognostic biomarker. Conversely, reductions in nuclear POM121 levels have been observed in neurodegenerative contexts such as C9orf72-associated ALS/FTD, where they initiate a cascade of nucleoporin decreases and disrupt nuclear transport. These diverse roles point to the multifaceted importance of POM121 in disease pathogenesis and its promise as a therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tomoko Funakoshi, Kazuhiro Maeshima, Kazuhide Yahata, et al. 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