{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStudies in mouse models indicate that CYP2D22—potentially analogous to PRY2 in function—is expressed in the striatum where it modulates dopaminergic neuron integrity. In a model of Parkinson’s disease induced by MPTP, CYP2D22 expression and catalytic activity were reduced, contributing to increased levels of the neurotoxic metabolite MPP(+) and decreased dopamine content. Nicotine treatment was shown to restore CYP2D22 expression and activity, improve dopamine levels, and preserve tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, while pharmacological blockade of CYP2D22 via ketoconazole interrupted this neuroprotection, underscoring its role in mediating the balance between neurodegeneration and neuroprotection."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn a separate study examining systemic infection, MRSA-induced renal inflammation and oxidative stress modulated the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes including CYP2D22. Here, high levels of MRSA infection elicited an increase in oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which correlated with a downregulation of CYP2D22 mRNA expression, while lower levels of infection resulted in increased expression. These findings suggest that CYP2D22 is sensitive to inflammatory and oxidative stress environments, implicating it in the regulation of renal drug metabolism during infectious challenges."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}]}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seema Singh, Kavita Singh, Devendra Kumar Patel, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The expression of CYP2D22, an ortholog of human CYP2D6, in mouse striatum and its modulation in 1-methyl 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease phenotype and nicotine-mediated neuroprotection."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rejuvenation Res (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/rej.2009.0850"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2009.0850"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19594327"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19594327"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nana Long, Huaqiao Tang, Lin Lin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Effects of infection of MRSA on the expression and activity of renal cytochrome P450s in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Toxicol Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2131/jts.44.299"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.44.299"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30944282"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30944282"}]}]}]}