PSMB4 Gene

HGNC Family	Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunits (PSM)
Name	proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 4
Description	The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered ring-shaped 20S core structure. The core structure is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes a member of the proteasome B-type family, also known as the T1B family, that is a 20S core beta subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have highlighted the diverse functional roles of PSMB4—a core β4 subunit of the 20S proteasome—in immune regulation. In the context of major depressive disorder, for example, PSMB4 has been implicated in antigen processing and may influence T‐cell function, suggesting that genetic variations in this subunit contribute to disease susceptibility by altering immune system dynamics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn oncogenesis, elevated levels of PSMB4 are emerging as a common feature across multiple tumor types. In multiple myeloma, PSMB4 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and colony formation via activation of NF‑κB–miR‑21 signaling, supporting its role as a potential cancer driver gene. Similarly, increased expression of PSMB4 has been documented in epithelial ovarian cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, glioblastoma, and cervical cancer, where it drives tumor cell growth and progression through diverse mechanisms including regulation by transcription factors such as FoxM1 and modulation by microRNAs like miR‑148b and miR‑21."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "2", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the nervous system, PSMB4 has been found to interact with proteins that modulate proteasomal activity and neuronal homeostasis. For instance, the protein product of the CRBN gene directly binds PSMB4, thereby influencing the ubiquitin‑proteasome system in neuroblastoma cells, while the presynaptic scaffolding protein bassoon interacts with PSMB4 to regulate proteasomal proteolytic activity at synaptic sites. These interactions underscore a compartment‑specific regulatory role of PSMB4 that may have significant implications for both neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M-L Wong, C Dong, J Maestre-Mesa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Polymorphisms in inflammation-related genes are associated with susceptibility to major depression and antidepressant response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Psychiatry (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/mp.2008.59"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2008.59"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18504423"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18504423"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peihao Zheng, Honggang Guo, Guangchao Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMB4 promotes multiple myeloma cell growth by activating NF-κB-miR-21 signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.110"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.110"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25656574"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25656574"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rong Liu, Shumin Lu, Yan Deng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMB4 expression associates with epithelial ovarian cancer growth and poor prognosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arch Gynecol Obstet (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00404-015-3904-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-015-3904-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26439929"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26439929"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaodong Zhang, Di Lin, Yueqin Lin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteasome beta-4 subunit contributes to the development of melanoma and is regulated by miR-148b."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1177/1010428317705767"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1010428317705767"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28656878"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28656878"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yu-Chen Cheng, Wen-Chiuan Tsai, Yu-Chi Sung, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interference with PSMB4 Expression Exerts an Anti-Tumor Effect by Decreasing the Invasion and Proliferation of Human Glioblastoma Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Physiol Biochem (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1159/000487174"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000487174"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29414809"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29414809"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hua Wang, Zhixian He, Liuwan Xia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMB4 overexpression enhances the cell growth and viability of breast cancer cells leading to a poor prognosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2018.6588"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6588"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30066880"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30066880"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dong-Mei Zhou, Jun Liu, Fang Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A novel FoxM1-PSMB4 axis contributes to proliferation and progression of cervical cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.183"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.183"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31699366"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31699366"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kwang Min Lee, Jongwon Lee, Chul-Seung Park "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cereblon inhibits proteasome activity by binding to the 20S core proteasome subunit beta type 4."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.108"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.108"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23026050"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23026050"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carolina Montenegro-Venegas, Sandra Fienko, Daniela Anni, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bassoon inhibits proteasome activity via interaction with PSMB4."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Mol Life Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00018-020-03590-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03590-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32651614"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32651614"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	PROS26, HSN3, PROS-26, PRAAS3
Proteins	PSB4_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5692
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

PSMB4 has 7,907 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 122 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for PSMB4 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

PSMB4 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving PSMB4 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with PSMB4 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PSMB4 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMB4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMB4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with PSMB4 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing PSMB4 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PSMB4 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PSMB4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PSMB4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PSMB4 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PSMB4 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with PSMB4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with PSMB4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing PSMB4 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PSMB4 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with PSMB4 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with PSMB4 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PSMB4 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with PSMB4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with PSMB4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PSMB4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with PSMB4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for PSMB4 protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PSMB4 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PSMB4 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMB4 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PSMB4 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PSMB4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.