PSMD11 Gene

HGNC Family	Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunits (PSM)
Name	proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 11
Description	The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. This gene encodes a member of the proteasome subunit S9 family that functions as a non-ATPase subunit of the 19S regulator and is phosphorylated by AMP-activated protein kinase. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nHuman embryonic stem cells exhibit high proteasome activity and remarkable proteome stability that underpin their pluripotency and immortality in culture. This is achieved, in part, by elevated levels of the 19S proteasome subunit PSMD11, which enhances the assembly of the 26S/30S proteasome and is regulated by stress‐ and longevity‐associated factors such as FOXO4."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCellular protein degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome system is also finely tuned by signal–dependent modifications of PSMD11. In particular, increased intracellular cAMP levels lead to activation of protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates PSMD11 at Ser14, thereby enhancing the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates and promoting clearance of aggregation-prone proteins."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPSMD11 further participates in the regulation of proteasome function by engaging with key metabolic sensors. For example, interaction with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) alters the phosphorylation status of PSMD11, suggesting an additional layer whereby energy status and metabolic signals can modulate proteasomal protein degradation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its roles in proteostasis and energy sensing, PSMD11 is implicated in the regulated processing of transcription factors. It interacts with the C-terminal region of the NF-κB precursor p100 in a manner dependent on p100 ubiquitination and NIK activation, promoting the formation of the active p52 subunit and thus modulating NF-κB signaling pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), PSMD11 has emerged as a key player in tumor cell survival. Studies have shown that activation of the MEK1/ERK1/2 pathway can induce PSMD11 protein synthesis, thereby contributing to acute apoptosis resistance in PDAC cells. Complementary plasma proteomic analyses further suggest that altered levels of PSMD11 may serve as a prognostic biomarker, with high PSMD11 expression correlating with poor overall and relapse-free survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPSMD11 also constitutes a regulatory node in inflammatory responses. In glomerular mesangial cells exposed to high-glucose conditions, microRNA-451 down-regulates PSMD11 expression, leading to diminished NF-κB p65 activation, reduced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, and impaired cellular proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nA distinct function of PSMD11 is seen within the NRON ribonucleoprotein complex, where it modulates the stability and nuclear translocation of circadian clock proteins. Alterations in PSMD11 levels disturb the relative nuclear abundance of key repressors such as CRY1, CRY2, and PER2, thereby affecting the periodicity of cellular circadian oscillations."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nGenetic studies have further implicated PSMD11 in neurodevelopment, with loss-of-function variants impairing 26S proteasome assembly and triggering a persistent type I interferon signature via the integrated stress response. These molecular events manifest clinically as early-onset intellectual disability and neurodevelopmental delay, signifying PSMD11’s critical role in brain development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFinally, broader investigations into proteasome and endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (ERAD) components highlight that proper function of proteasome subunits—including PSMD11—is vital for the effective clearance of toxin-derived substrates, thereby safeguarding cellular protein quality control against ribosome-inactivating and other cytotoxic insults."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David Vilchez, Leah Boyer, Ianessa Morantte, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased proteasome activity in human embryonic stem cells is regulated by PSMD11."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature11468"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11468"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22972301"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22972301"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sudarsanareddy Lokireddy, Nikolay Vadimovich Kukushkin, Alfred Lewis Goldberg "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "cAMP-induced phosphorylation of 26S proteasomes on Rpn6/PSMD11 enhances their activity and the degradation of misfolded proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1522332112"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1522332112"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26669444"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26669444"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniel Moreno, Rosa Viana, Pascual Sanz "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Two-hybrid analysis identifies PSMD11, a non-ATPase subunit of the proteasome, as a novel interaction partner of AMP-activated protein kinase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Biochem Cell Biol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19616115"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19616115"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Abraham Fong, Minying Zhang, John Neely, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S9, a 19 S proteasome subunit interacting with ubiquitinated NF-kappaB2/p100."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M205330200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M205330200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12185077"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12185077"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lele Wang, Linlin Zhao, Guo Wei, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Homoharringtonine could induce quick protein synthesis of PSMD11 through activating MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biochem (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jcb.26847"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26847"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29665121"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29665121"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sumit Sahni, Christoph Krisp, Mark P Molloy, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMD11, PTPRM and PTPRB as novel biomarkers of pancreatic cancer progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129682"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129682"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32663515"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32663515"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Caifu Zhou, Haixia Li, Xiao Han, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prognostic Value and Molecular Mechanisms of Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase Family Genes for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients after Pancreaticoduodenectomy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Invest Surg (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/08941939.2020.1863527"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2020.1863527"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33525943"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33525943"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hua Wei, Jianzhou Li, Yanhua Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-451 inhibits inflammation and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells through down-regulating PSMD11 and NF-κB p65."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biosci Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/BSR20191455"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20191455"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31652441"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31652441"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sibel Cal-Kayitmazbatir, Lauren J Francey, Yool Lee, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMD11 modulates circadian clock function through PER and CRY nuclear translocation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0283463"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283463"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36961772"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36961772"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wallid Deb, Cory Rosenfelt, Virginie Vignard, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PSMD11 loss-of-function variants correlate with a neurobehavioral phenotype, obesity, and increased interferon response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Hum Genet (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.05.016"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.05.016"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38866022"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38866022"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "D V Maltseva, M P Raigorodskaya, O V Tikhonova, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Relationship between the Expression Level of PSMD11 and Other Proteasome Proteins with the Activity of Ricin and Viscumin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dokl Biochem Biophys (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1134/S1607672920040080"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1134/S1607672920040080"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32894464"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894464"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	P44.5, RPN6
Proteins	PSD11_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5717
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

PSMD11 has 9,385 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 123 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for PSMD11 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

PSMD11 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by PSMD11 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving PSMD11 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with PSMD11 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with PSMD11 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PSMD11 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMD11 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMD11 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing PSMD11 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of PSMD11 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing PSMD11 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing PSMD11 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with PSMD11 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with PSMD11 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing PSMD11 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with PSMD11 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with PSMD11 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PSMD11 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of PSMD11 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with PSMD11 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with PSMD11 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with PSMD11 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with PSMD11 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with PSMD11 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at PSMD11 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of PSMD11 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of PSMD11 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing PSMD11 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of PSMD11 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.