{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nQKI is a multifunctional RNA‐binding protein that plays a central role in post‐transcriptional gene regulation. It controls diverse aspects of RNA metabolism—including alternative splicing, translation, circRNA formation, and cytoplasmic polyadenylation—to fine‐tune mRNA stability and protein output. For example, QKI‐6 acts as a translational repressor (using TGEs in the 3′UTR) and promotes the de novo biogenesis of circRNAs by binding to intronic motifs, while QKI–7 facilitates the 3′ adenylation and stabilization of specific miRNAs such as miR‐122. In addition, through its engagement with targets like AIP‐1 mRNA and key cell cycle regulators, QKI creates negative feedback loops that adjust cell proliferation and differentiation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of neoplasia, QKI emerges as a key tumor suppressor as well as an oncogenic player when disrupted by rearrangements. Altered expression or loss of QKI is implicated in a broad spectrum of cancers—including lung, glioblastoma, gastric, prostate, colorectal, and oral carcinomas—often via modulation of alternative splicing (such as that of NUMB, macroH2A1, or ADD3), destabilization of tumor‐suppressive mRNAs (for example, FOXO1), or via miRNA‐mediated regulatory loops (involving miR‐155, miR‐200, or miR‐221). Moreover, QKI fusion events (e.g. MYB–QKI in angiocentric gliomas) can activate oncogenic programs through combined genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, underscoring its pivotal roles in tumor initiation, progression, and the regulation of cancer stem cell properties."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "7", "end_ref": "26"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond cancer and RNA processing, QKI is essential in the development and function of diverse tissues. Its activity is crucial for the differentiation and maturation of neural cells—affecting oligodendrocyte myelination and astrocyte function, with implications for disorders such as schizophrenia—as well as for muscle development, cardiac sarcomerogenesis, and endothelial barrier integrity. QKI also supports lens homeostasis by promoting cholesterol biosynthesis and participates in hematopoietic and immune cell differentiation, thereby contributing to the regulation of inflammation and tissue repair. Together, these findings illustrate that QKI is a versatile regulator whose context‐dependent actions shape cell identity, tissue organization, and disease susceptibility."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "27", "end_ref": "41"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "L Saccomanno, C Loushin, E Jan, et al. 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