RALA Gene

HGNC Family	Ras small GTPases superfamily
Name	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)
Description	The product of this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family of proteins. GTP-binding proteins mediate the transmembrane signaling initiated by the occupancy of certain cell surface receptors. This gene encodes a low molecular mass ras-like GTP-binding protein that shares about 50% similarity with other ras proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRalA, a member of the Ras‐like small GTPase family, is emerging as a pivotal effector in oncogenic signaling. Activated downstream of Ras–RalGEF exchange, it promotes anchorage‐independent cell proliferation, tumor initiation, and metastasis in diverse human cancers. Studies have shown that RalA is required for Ras‐mediated transformed growth (e.g., in pancreatic, prostate, and colorectal cancers) and that its expression and activity are tightly regulated by post‐translational modifications such as geranylgeranylation, phosphorylation by kinases (notably Aurora‐A at serine 194), and dephosphorylation by PP2A complexes. Moreover, RalA engages multiple effector proteins – including RalBP1 and components of the exocyst complex – to control cell cycle progression, modulate p53 stability, and, through interactions with regulatory microRNAs and calmodulin, integrate additional extracellular cues. Its role has also been implicated in B cell receptor–mediated transcriptional responses and in the fine‐tuning of responses to inflammatory signals, thereby underscoring its multifaceted contribution to tumorigenesis and oncogenic survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "19"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its oncogenic roles, RalA orchestrates critical aspects of cell division, membrane dynamics, and metabolic regulation. It contributes to proper cytokinesis and mitotic progression by facilitating exocyst‐dependent vesicular trafficking and by engaging factors such as TD‐60 that promote kinetochore–microtubule interactions. RalA also modulates endocytic pathways – for example, by stimulating caveolae-mediated uptake through phospholipase D2 activation – and regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation, thereby controlling glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Recent findings further implicate RalA in the control of mitochondrial dynamics, where its activation fosters mitochondrial fission to influence energy homeostasis in adipocytes. Together, these diverse functions illustrate how RalA integrates extracellular growth and metabolic signals to coordinate complex cellular responses in both normal physiology and disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "20", "end_ref": "27"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuchen Chien, Michael A White "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RAL GTPases are linchpin modulators of human tumour-cell proliferation and survival."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "EMBO Rep (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.embor.embor899"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.embor899"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12856001"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12856001"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kian-Huat Lim, Antonio T Baines, James J Fiordalisi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation of RalA is critical for Ras-induced tumorigenesis of human cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Cell (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ccr.2005.04.030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2005.04.030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15950903"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15950903"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "F Rinaldo, J Li, E Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RalA regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) synthesis in prostate cancer cells during androgen ablation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1209971"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209971"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16964283"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16964283"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kian-Huat Lim, Kevin O'Hayer, Stacey J Adam, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Divergent roles for RalA and RalB in malignant growth of human pancreatic carcinoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Biol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.023"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.023"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17174914"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17174914"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David J J de Gorter, Johanna C M Vos, Steven T Pals, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The B cell antigen receptor controls AP-1 and NFAT activity through Ras-mediated activation of Ral."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1405"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1405"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17237388"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17237388"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anna A Sablina, Wen Chen, Jason D Arroyo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The tumor suppressor PP2A Abeta regulates the RalA GTPase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.047"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.047"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17540176"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17540176"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "JuanJuan Yin, Claire Pollock, Kirsten Tracy, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation of the RalGEF/Ral pathway promotes prostate cancer metastasis to bone."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.00955-07"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00955-07"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17709381"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17709381"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samuel C Falsetti, De-an Wang, Hairuo Peng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors target RalB to inhibit anchorage-dependent growth and induce apoptosis and RalA to inhibit anchorage-independent growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.00057-07"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00057-07"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17875936"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17875936"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ilaria Cascone, Rasim Selimoglu, Cafer Ozdemir, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distinct roles of RalA and RalB in the progression of cytokinesis are supported by distinct RalGEFs."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "EMBO J (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/emboj.2008.166"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2008.166"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18756269"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18756269"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vidya Bodempudi, Farnaz Yamoutpoor, Weihong Pan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ral overactivation in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.01153-08"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01153-08"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19414599"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19414599"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kian-Huat Lim, Donita C Brady, David F Kashatus, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aurora-A phosphorylates, activates, and relocalizes the small GTPase RalA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.00916-08"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00916-08"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19901077"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19901077"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christina D Nichols, James E Casanova "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Salmonella-directed recruitment of new membrane to invasion foci via the host exocyst complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Biol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cub.2010.05.065"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.05.065"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20579884"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20579884"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhong Wu, Charles Owens, Nidhi Chandra, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RalBP1 is necessary for metastasis of human cancer cell lines."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neoplasia (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1593/neo.101080"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1593/neo.101080"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21170262"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21170262"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Timothy D Martin, Jonathan C Samuel, Elizabeth D Routh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation and involvement of Ral GTPases in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1517"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1517"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21199803"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21199803"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jia Fei, Yumin Li, Xuejiao Zhu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-181a post-transcriptionally downregulates oncogenic RalA and contributes to growth inhibition and apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0032834"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032834"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22442671"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22442671"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vincent Neyraud, Vasily N Aushev, Anastassia Hatzoglou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RalA and RalB proteins are ubiquitinated GTPases, and ubiquitinated RalA increases lipid raft exposure at the plasma membrane."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M112.357764"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.357764"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22700969"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22700969"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C Clayton Hazelett, Charles Yeaman "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sec5 and Exo84 mediate distinct aspects of RalA-dependent cell polarization."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0039602"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039602"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22761837"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22761837"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maaike C W van den Berg, Inkie J A van Gogh, Alida M M Smits, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The small GTPase RALA controls c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated FOXO activation by regulation of a JIP1 scaffold complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M113.463885"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.463885"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23770673"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23770673"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David F Kashatus "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ral GTPases in tumorigenesis: emerging from the shadows."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.06.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.06.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23830877"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23830877"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nicole F Neel, Jeran K Stratford, Vaishali Shinde, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Response to MLN8237 in pancreatic cancer is not dependent on RalA phosphorylation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Ther (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-1232"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-1232"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24222664"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24222664"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diana Papini, Lars Langemeyer, Maria A Abad, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TD-60 links RalA GTPase function to the CPC in mitosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms8678"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8678"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26158537"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26158537"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nobuyuki Takenaka, Yukio Sumi, Keiko Matsuda, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role for RalA downstream of Rac1 in skeletal muscle insulin signalling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem J (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/BJ20150218"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20150218"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26205497"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26205497"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Leanna R Gentry, Akiyuki Nishimura, Adrienne D Cox, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Divergent roles of CAAX motif-signaled posttranslational modifications in the regulation and subcellular localization of Ral GTPases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M115.656710"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.656710"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26216878"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26216878"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ying Jiang, Maria S Sverdlov, Peter T Toth, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Phosphatidic Acid Produced by RalA-activated PLD2 Stimulates Caveolae-mediated Endocytosis and Trafficking in Endothelial Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.752485"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.752485"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27510034"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27510034"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A D'Aloia, G Berruti, B Costa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RalGPS2 is involved in tunneling nanotubes formation in 5637 bladder cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.036"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.036"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29208460"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29208460"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Susan M Hiatt, Matthew B Neu, Ryne C Ramaker, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS Genet (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1007671"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007671"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30500825"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30500825"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wenmin Xia, Preethi Veeragandham, Yu Cao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Obesity causes mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction in white adipocytes due to RalA activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Metab (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s42255-024-00978-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-024-00978-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38286821"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38286821"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	RAL
Proteins	RALA_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5898
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Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

RALA has 8,986 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 129 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for RALA from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

RALA Gene

Functional Associations

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	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving RALA protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of RALA gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with RALA gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with RALA protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with RALA gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of RALA gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of RALA gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of RALA gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of RALA gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing RALA protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing RALA protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with RALA protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with RALA protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of RALA gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with RALA gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with RALA gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RALA gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with RALA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by RALA gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with RALA gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with RALA gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RALA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with RALA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for RALA protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at RALA gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of RALA gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of RALA gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing RALA from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RALA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with RALA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of RALA gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.