{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRMST is a multifunctional long non‐coding RNA that plays a critical role in neurodevelopment and stem cell fate. In the brain, RMST is tightly regulated by transcriptional factors such as REST and partners with SOX2 to guide neurogenesis by facilitating proper binding of SOX2 to neurogenic gene promoters. In human pluripotent stem cells, a trans‐spliced isoform (tsRMST) represses lineage‐specific factors and noncanonical Wnt regulators (e.g., WNT5A) to prevent premature epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and differentiation. RMST’s pivotal role in maintaining neural stem cell identity is further underscored by its involvement in neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its developmental functions, RMST modulates diverse signaling pathways in multiple disease contexts through interactions with microRNAs and other regulatory networks. Genetic association studies have implicated RMST as one of several susceptibility loci in severe obesity, while differential expression of RMST (often identified as NCRMS in certain tumors) suggests a role in rhabdomyosarcoma subtyping. In ischemic stroke models, RMST acts as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR-377 to control SEMA3A expression, thereby modulating apoptotic and oxidative stress responses. Similarly, in colorectal cancer cells, RMST binds miR-27a-3p to elevate RXRα expression and inactivate oncogenic Wnt signaling, and in atherosclerotic models, RMST sequesters miR-224-3p to influence endothelial viability and inflammation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nEmerging evidence also highlights the potential clinical utility of RMST as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Notably, altered RMST expression in serum has been leveraged to differentiate pathologic conditions, including carotid artery stenosis, thereby underscoring its promise as a noninvasive marker in cardiovascular diseases."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shi-Yan Ng, Gireesh K Bogu, Boon Seng Soh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The long noncoding RNA RMST interacts with SOX2 to regulate neurogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molcel.2013.07.017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2013.07.017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23932716"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23932716"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chun-Ying Yu, Hung-Chih Kuo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Trans-Spliced Long Noncoding RNA tsRMST Impedes Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation Through WNT5A-Mediated Inhibition of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stem Cells (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/stem.2386"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.2386"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27090862"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27090862"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chuanlei Chen, Shijuan Zhang, Yuhong Wei, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Knockdown of RMST Impedes Neuronal Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in OGD/R-Induced Ischemic Stroke Via Depending on the miR-377/SEMA3A Signal Network."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurochem Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11064-020-03194-w"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-020-03194-w"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33409855"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33409855"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dongliang Yin, Furong Xu, Ming Lu, et al. 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