SGSM2 Gene

HGNC Family	Small G protein signaling modulators (SGSM)
Name	small G protein signaling modulator 2
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase activator with activity towards RAB32 and RAB33B, which are regulators of membrane trafficking. The encoded protein inactivates RAB32 and can bind RAB9A-GTP, a protein required for RAB32 activation. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSmall G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is a member of a novel protein family that harbors RUN and TBC motifs and is implicated in the modulation of small G protein‐mediated signal transduction. Expression studies reveal that SGSM2 is ubiquitously expressed among tissues and is prominently associated with neuronal function and vesicular trafficking, as evidenced by its interaction with RAP and RAB subfamily members."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its fundamental role in neuronal signaling, gene expression profiling approaches have identified SGSM2 as a hub gene linked to inflammatory responses and metabolic pathways in subsyndromal symptomatic depression. This finding suggests that SGSM2 might contribute to the molecular underpinnings of mood disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of cancer biology, SGSM2 functions as a plasma membrane protein that interacts with key cell adhesion components such as E‑cadherin/β‑catenin and is involved in cytoskeletal remodeling. Downregulation of SGSM2 enhances focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and deregulates epithelial markers, promoting cell migration. Furthermore, in thyroid cancer, SGSM2 acts in a tumor suppressive manner by interacting with RAP1 to competitively inhibit RAS activation and downstream MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling cascades, ultimately curbing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. These studies collectively highlight the multifaceted role of SGSM2 in modulating small G protein signaling across both neuronal functions and diverse cancer pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hao Yang, Takashi Sasaki, Shinsei Minoshima, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of three novel proteins (SGSM1, 2, 3) which modulate small G protein (RAP and RAB)-mediated signaling pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomics (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.03.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.03.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17509819"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17509819"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ruijie Geng, Zezhi Li, Shunying Yu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies specific modules and hub genes related to subsyndromal symptomatic depression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "World J Biol Psychiatry (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/15622975.2018.1548782"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2018.1548782"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30489189"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30489189"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Juo-Han Lin, Wen-Jui Lee, Han-Chung Wu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Small G protein signalling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is involved in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer metastasis through enhancement of migratory cell adhesion via interaction with E-cadherin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Adh Migr (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/19336918.2019.1568139"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/19336918.2019.1568139"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30744493"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30744493"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xi Su, Dong Chen, Lizhang Zhu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SGSM2 inhibits thyroid cancer progression by activating RAP1 and enhancing competitive RAS inhibition."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-022-04598-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-022-04598-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35264562"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35264562"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	RUTBC1
Proteins	SGSM2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	9905
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

SGSM2 has 5,526 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 105 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for SGSM2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

SGSM2 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of SGSM2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with SGSM2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SGSM2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of SGSM2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of SGSM2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of SGSM2 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing SGSM2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing SGSM2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with SGSM2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with SGSM2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with SGSM2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with SGSM2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by SGSM2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with SGSM2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with SGSM2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at SGSM2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SGSM2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of SGSM2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing SGSM2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with SGSM2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of SGSM2 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with SGSM2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing SGSM2 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of SGSM2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.