{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nSLC26A5, which encodes prestin, is a unique membrane protein exclusively expressed in the outer hair cells of the cochlea that converts changes in membrane potential into rapid mechanical force and thus underlies mammalian cochlear amplification. Prestin’s function is characterized by its ability to produce a nonlinear charge movement—a hallmark of its voltage‐dependent conformational changes—while studies using cryo–electron microscopy, fluorescence resonance energy transfer and electrophysiological assays have revealed its distinct contracted and expanded states, its dynamic rearrangements, and its precise assembly in defined oligomeric (dimer/tetramer) configurations. Critical residues within its transmembrane and anion binding domains have been identified as essential for its unique electromotile activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nPrestin’s operational characteristics are finely tuned by its membrane environment and associated regulatory factors. Alterations in membrane cholesterol and fatty acids have been shown to shift its voltage dependence and modulate the magnitude of charge movement, while binding of intracellular calcium via calmodulin to an intrinsically disordered region further adjusts its operating range. In addition, alternative splicing and interactions with proteins such as CASK help restrict prestin to specialized basolateral membrane domains, ensuring optimal electromotile performance. Ototoxic agents that disrupt cholesterol interactions or cytoskeletal contacts may thus alter prestin-mediated amplification."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "12", "end_ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nClinically, mutations and sequence variations in SLC26A5 have been implicated in various forms of nonsyndromic hearing loss. Genetic alterations—including splicing mutations like IVS2-2A>G and missense changes (e.g., R150Q, R130S)—have been associated with reduced electromotility, shifts in the voltage operating point, impaired motor kinetics, and even progressive outer hair cell degeneration. Functional investigations using mutagenesis, electrophysiology, and biochemical techniques (such as cysteine scanning and protein–protein interaction assays) have further advanced our understanding of prestin’s structure–function relationships. These insights not only reinforce its central role in cochlear amplification but also highlight its potential utility as a biomarker and therapeutic target in hearing disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "18", "end_ref": "33"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xue Zhong Liu, Xiao Mei Ouyang, Xia Juan Xia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prestin, a cochlear motor protein, is defective in non-syndromic hearing loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mol Genet (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/hmg/ddg127"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddg127"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12719379"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12719379"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peter Dallos, Jing Zheng, Mary Ann Cheatham "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prestin and the cochlear amplifier."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Physiol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1113/jphysiol.2006.114652"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2006.114652"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16873410"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16873410"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lavanya Rajagopalan, Nimish Patel, Srinivasan Madabushi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Essential helix interactions in the anion transporter domain of prestin revealed by evolutionary trace analysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2734-06.2006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2734-06.2006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17151276"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17151276"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lavanya Rajagopalan, Jennifer N Greeson, Anping Xia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tuning of the outer hair cell motor by membrane cholesterol."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M705078200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M705078200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17933870"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17933870"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Silvia Detro-Dassen, Michael Schänzler, Heike Lauks, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Conserved dimeric subunit stoichiometry of SLC26 multifunctional anion exchangers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M704924200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M704924200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18073211"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18073211"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kristin Rule Gleitsman, Michihiro Tateyama, Yoshihiro Kubo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structural rearrangements of the motor protein prestin revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1152/ajpcell.00647.2008"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00647.2008"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19515900"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515900"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shun Kumano, Xiaodong Tan, David Z Z He, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mutation-induced reinforcement of prestin-expressing cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.016"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.016"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19737539"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19737539"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elisa Pasqualetto, Rosa Aiello, Lorenzo Gesiot, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structure of the cytosolic portion of the motor protein prestin and functional role of the STAS domain in SLC26/SulP anion transporters."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Biol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jmb.2010.05.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2010.05.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20471983"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20471983"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oluwarotimi Okunade, Joseph Santos-Sacchi "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IR laser-induced perturbations of the voltage-dependent solute carrier protein SLC26a5."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biophys J (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.008"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.008"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24138858"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24138858"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sándor Lovas, David Z Z He, Huizhan Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Glutamate transporter homolog-based model predicts that anion-π interaction is the mechanism for the voltage-dependent response of prestin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M115.649962"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.649962"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26283790"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26283790"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jingpeng Ge, Johannes Elferich, Sepehr Dehghani-Ghahnaviyeh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular mechanism of prestin electromotive signal amplification."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.034"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.034"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34390643"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34390643"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "John Sfondouris, Lavanya Rajagopalan, Fred A Pereira, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Membrane composition modulates prestin-associated charge movement."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M803722200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M803722200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18567583"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18567583"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jelka Cimerman, Jörg Waldhaus, Csaba Harasztosi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Generation of somatic electromechanical force by outer hair cells may be influenced by prestin-CASK interaction at the basal junction with the Deiter's cell."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Histochem Cell Biol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00418-013-1085-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-013-1085-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23542924"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23542924"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jacob Pearson Keller, Kazuaki Homma, Chongwen Duan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Functional regulation of the SLC26-family protein prestin by calcium/calmodulin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4020-13.2014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4020-13.2014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24453323"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24453323"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoe Takahashi, Kazuaki Homma, Yingjie Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Susceptibility of outer hair cells to cholesterol chelator 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine is prestin-dependent."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep21973"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep21973"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26903308"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26903308"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jun-Ping Bai, Iman Moeini-Naghani, Sheng Zhong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Current carried by the Slc26 family member prestin does not flow through the transporter pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep46619"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46619"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28422190"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28422190"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoe Takahashi, Tetsuji Yamashita, Kazuaki Homma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Deletion of exons 17 and 18 in prestin's STAS domain results in loss of function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-019-43343-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43343-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31053797"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31053797"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J-M Chambard, J F Ashmore "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Regulation of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ4 in the auditory pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pflugers Arch (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00424-004-1366-2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-004-1366-2"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15660259"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15660259"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hsiao-Yuan Tang, Anping Xia, John S Oghalai, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High frequency of the IVS2-2A>G DNA sequence variation in SLC26A5, encoding the cochlear motor protein prestin, precludes its involvement in hereditary hearing loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Med Genet (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2350-6-30"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-6-30"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16086836"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16086836"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Timea Toth, Levente Deak, Ferenc Fazakas, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A new mutation in the human pres gene and its effect on prestin function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Med (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17786286"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17786286"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Juan Rodriguez-Paris, Charles Ballay, Michelle Inserra, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genetic analysis of presbycusis by arrayed primer extension."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ann Clin Lab Sci (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18988928"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18988928"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rita Teek, Eneli Oitmaa, Katrin Kruustük, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Splice variant IVS2-2A>G in the SLC26A5 (Prestin) gene in five Estonian families with hearing loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.10.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.10.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19027966"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19027966"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jacob S Minor, Hsiao-Yuan Tang, Fred A Pereira, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DNA sequence analysis of SLC26A5, encoding prestin, in a patient-control cohort: identification of fourteen novel DNA sequence variations."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0005762"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005762"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19492055"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19492055"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Juan Rodriguez-Paris, Lynn Pique, Tahl Colen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genotyping with a 198 mutation arrayed primer extension array for hereditary hearing loss: assessment of its diagnostic value for medical practice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0011804"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011804"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20668687"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20668687"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Benjamin Currall, Danielle Rossino, Heather Jensen-Smith, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The roles of conserved and nonconserved cysteinyl residues in the oligomerization and function of mammalian prestin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurophysiol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1152/jn.00496.2011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00496.2011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21813750"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21813750"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Richard Hallworth, Michael G Nichols "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prestin in HEK cells is an obligate tetramer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurophysiol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1152/jn.00728.2011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00728.2011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21975444"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21975444"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kazuaki Homma, Chongwen Duan, Jing Zheng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The V499G/Y501H mutation impairs fast motor kinetics of prestin and has significance for defining functional independence of individual prestin subunits."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M112.411579"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.411579"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23212912"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23212912"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kourosh Parham "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prestin as a biochemical marker for early detection of acquired sensorineural hearing loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Med Hypotheses (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.mehy.2015.04.015"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.04.015"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25920562"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25920562"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 29, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoe Takahashi, Mary Ann Cheatham, Jing Zheng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The R130S mutation significantly affects the function of prestin, the outer hair cell motor protein."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Med (Berl) (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00109-016-1410-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-016-1410-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27041369"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27041369"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 30, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Makoto F Kuwabara, Koichiro Wasano, Satoe Takahashi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The extracellular loop of pendrin and prestin modulates their voltage-sensing property."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.RA118.001831"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA118.001831"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29777056"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29777056"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 31, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ayca Baskadem Yilmazer, Onur Tanrısever, Maide Hacer Alagoz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Evaluation of inner ear damage by mastoid drilling with measurement of serum prestin (SLC26A5) levels."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Braz J Otorhinolaryngol (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101380"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101380"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38237483"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38237483"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 32, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoe Takahashi, Yingjie Zhou, Mary Ann Cheatham, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The pathogenic roles of the p.R130S prestin variant in DFNB61 hearing loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Physiol (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1113/JP285599"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1113/JP285599"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38431907"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38431907"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 33, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoe Takahashi, Takashi Kojima, Koichiro Wasano, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Functional Studies of Deafness-Associated Pendrin and Prestin Variants."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms25052759"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052759"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38474007"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38474007"}]}]}]}