SLPI Gene

HGNC Family WAP four-disulfide core domain containing (WFDC)
Name secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor
Description This gene encodes a secreted inhibitor which protects epithelial tissues from serine proteases. It is found in various secretions including seminal plasma, cervical mucus, and bronchial secretions, and has affinity for trypsin, leukocyte elastase, and cathepsin G. Its inhibitory effect contributes to the immune response by protecting epithelial surfaces from attack by endogenous proteolytic enzymes. This antimicrobial protein has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Summary
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In reproductive tissues, for example, higher SLPI production correlates with enhanced bactericidal activity, underscoring its role as both a biological barrier and a modulator of cell cycle pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its role in protecting tissues from proteolytic injury, SLPI exerts robust immunomodulatory and antimicrobial functions. It dampens proinflammatory signaling—for example, by inhibiting NF‑κB activation and curtailing cytokine production—which is relevant in conditions such as severe asthma, acute liver failure, and viral infections. Moreover, SLPI influences innate immune processes by regulating mechanisms like neutrophil extracellular trap formation and directly interfering with pathogen entry and replication, thereby serving as a frontline defense molecule."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the arena of cancer biology, aberrant SLPI expression has been implicated in promoting tumor cell proliferation, facilitating invasion, and ultimately enhancing metastatic potential across several malignancies including those of the lung, gynecologic tract, and prostate. Elevated levels of SLPI in these tumors appear to engage oncogenic signaling pathways—such as those involving Elk‑1—and to contribute to chemoresistance, making SLPI not only a marker of disease aggressiveness but also a potential target for therapeutic intervention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "21", "end_ref": "29"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional studies have extended the functional landscape of SLPI to include roles in fine‐tuning proteolytic activity through post‑translational modifications and in regulating host responses in diverse tissues such as the liver, respiratory tract, reproductive tract, and even ocular surfaces. Its susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage by enzymes like MMP‑9 and its interactions with viral as well as cellular proteins underscore a complex regulation that impacts immune cell differentiation, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis in varied pathological settings."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "30", "end_ref": "40"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jing Zhu, Carl Nathan, Wenwen Jin, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor variant with improved activity against lung infection."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mucosal Immunol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/mi.2015.90"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2015.90"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26376365"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26376365"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 39, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sinead Weldon, Clifford C Taggart "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Innate host defense functions of secretory leucoprotease inhibitor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Lung Res (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/01902140701756547"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01902140701756547"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18075823"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18075823"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 40, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Harald Schulze, Manav Korpal, Wolfgang Bergmeier, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interactions between the megakaryocyte/platelet-specific beta1 tubulin and the secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor SLPI suggest a role for regulated proteolysis in platelet functions."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood-2004-03-1179"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-03-1179"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15315966"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15315966"}]}]}]}
Synonyms WFDC4, BLPI, MPI, HUSI-I, WAP4, HUSI
Proteins SLPI_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 6590
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View SLPI's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View SLPI's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View SLPI's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

SLPI has 12,835 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 101 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for SLPI from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Proteomics Cell lines associated with SLPI protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with SLPI gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SLPI gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of SLPI gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of SLPI gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing SLPI protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing SLPI protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with SLPI protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with SLPI protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with SLPI gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with SLPI gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with SLPI gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by SLPI gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with SLPI gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with SLPI gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with SLPI gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with SLPI gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at SLPI gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SLPI gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of SLPI gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing SLPI from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with SLPI gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing SLPI from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving SLPI gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving SLPI gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving SLPI gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing SLPI protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 cellular components containing SLPI protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 cellular components containing SLPI protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by SLPI gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by SLPI gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by SLPI gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx eQTL 2025 SNPs regulating expression of SLPI gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of SLPI protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations cell types associated with SLPI gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.
HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression cell types associated with SLPI gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.
HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations cell types associated with SLPI gene from the HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for SLPI protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of SLPI gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of SLPI gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain SLPI protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by SLPI gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MiRTarBase microRNA Targets microRNAs targeting SLPI gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of SLPI gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by SLPI gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles drug perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for SLPI from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 pathways involving SLPI protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving SLPI protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving SLPI protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at SLPI gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations cell types with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset.
Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas drug perturbations changing expression of SLPI gene from the Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of SLPI gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of SLPI gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of SLPI protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of SLPI protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of SLPI protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of SLPI protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with SLPI protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with SLPI protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving SLPI protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.