| HGNC Family | Non-coding RNAs |
| Name | small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 61 |
| Description | Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in RNA processing. Box C/D class snoRNAs are involved in site-specific 2-prime-O-ribose methylation of preribosomal RNA precursors. This snoRNA is located in an intron of the RNA binding motif protein, X-linked gene (RBMX). [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nA review of the provided literature on peroxisomal disorders and X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD) reveals extensive investigations into the cellular mechanisms underlying very long‐chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation, peroxisomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammatory cascades. Notably, these studies comprehensively address the roles of transporters (such as ABCD1 and ABCD2), enzymatic activities, and compensatory metabolic pathways in various cell types, yet none of the abstracts mention or examine SNORD61. This absence suggests that within the context of these investigations, SNORD61 is not a focus of inquiry or implicated in the described pathogenic phenomena."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional reports detailed in the literature focus on aspects such as the compensatory upregulation of homologous peroxisomal transport proteins, the interplay between peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and the cellular responses to VLCFA‐induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Other studies employed genetic and pharmacological approaches to modify disease progression or to elucidate the mechanisms of demyelination and axonal loss. Despite the diversity and depth of these molecular and cellular investigations, none provide insights into the function or regulation of SNORD61, leaving its potential role in these metabolic and neurodegenerative processes unaddressed."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn summary, while SNORD61—a small nucleolar RNA traditionally involved in the modification and processing of ribosomal RNA—has been implicated in regulatory roles in other biological contexts, the current body of work on X‐ALD and peroxisomal dysfunction does not report any functional analysis or association of SNORD61. As a result, its relevance to the abnormalities in VLCFA metabolism, mitochondrial integrity, or neuroinflammation described in these studies remains unexplored. Future research may yet determine whether SNORD61 has a contributory or modulatory role in these complex pathologies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}]}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M C McGuinness, J-F Lu, H-P Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role of ALDP (ABCD1) and mitochondria in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.23.2.744-753.2003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.23.2.744-753.2003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12509471"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12509471"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carla P Guimarães, Pedro Domingues, Patrick Aubourg, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mouse liver PMP70 and ALDP: homomeric interactions prevail in vivo."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.04.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.04.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15276650"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15276650"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Iris Oezen, Walter Rossmanith, Sonja Forss-Petter, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids does not affect mitochondrial function in adrenoleukodystrophy protein deficiency."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mol Genet (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/hmg/ddi125"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi125"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15772093"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15772093"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jaspreet Singh, Mushfiquddin Khan, Inderjit Singh "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Silencing of Abcd1 and Abcd2 genes sensitizes astrocytes for inflammation: implication for X-adrenoleukodystrophy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Lipid Res (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1194/jlr.M800321-JLR200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M800321-JLR200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18723473"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18723473"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jorge Galino, Montserrat Ruiz, Stéphane Fourcade, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oxidative damage compromises energy metabolism in the axonal degeneration mouse model of X-adrenoleukodystrophy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Antioxid Redox Signal (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/ars.2010.3877"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2010.3877"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21453200"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21453200"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M Baarine, P Andréoletti, A Athias, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Evidence of oxidative stress in very long chain fatty acid--treated oligodendrocytes and potentialization of ROS production using RNA interference-directed knockdown of ABCD1 and ACOX1 peroxisomal proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroscience (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.03.058"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.03.058"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22521832"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22521832"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zahid Muneer, Christoph Wiesinger, Till Voigtländer, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Abcd2 is a strong modifier of the metabolic impairments in peritoneal macrophages of ABCD1-deficient mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0108655"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108655"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25255441"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25255441"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nicol Kruska, Peter Schönfeld, Aurora Pujol, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Astrocytes and mitochondria from adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ABCD1)-deficient mice reveal that the adrenoleukodystrophy-associated very long-chain fatty acids target several cellular energy-dependent functions."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25583114"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25583114"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jaspreet Singh, Hamid Suhail, Shailendra Giri "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Loss of AMP-activated protein kinase induces mitochondrial dysfunction and proinflammatory response in unstimulated Abcd1-knockout mice mixed glial cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mediators Inflamm (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1155/2015/176983"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/176983"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25861159"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25861159"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Masashi Morita, Misato Kawamichi, Yusuke Shimura, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brain microsomal fatty acid elongation is increased in abcd1-deficient mouse during active myelination phase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Metab Brain Dis (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11011-015-9701-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-015-9701-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26108493"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26108493"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Flore Geillon, Catherine Gondcaille, Quentin Raas, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporters form mainly tetramers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.772806"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.772806"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28258215"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28258215"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kotaro Hama, Yuko Fujiwara, Masashi Morita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Profiling and Imaging of Phospholipids in Brains of Abcd1-Deficient Mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lipids (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/lipd.12022"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/lipd.12022"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29469952"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29469952"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Q Raas, C Gondcaille, Y Hamon, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Abcd1 and Abcd2 genes in BV-2 cells: novel microglial models for X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.02.006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.02.006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30769094"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30769094"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Masashi Morita, Taro Kaizawa, Taiki Yoda, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bone marrow transplantation into Abcd1-deficient mice: Distribution of donor derived-cells and biological characterization of the brain of the recipient mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Inherit Metab Dis (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jimd.12346"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12346"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33332637"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33332637"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yi Gong, Fiza Laheji, Anna Berenson, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased neurotoxicity of high-density lipoprotein secreted from murine reactive astrocytes deficient in a peroxisomal very-long-chain fatty acid transporter Abcd1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Inherit Metab Dis (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jimd.12703"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12703"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38146202"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38146202"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | HBII-342, U61, RNU61 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 26787 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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SNORD61 has 1,265 functional associations with biological entities spanning 5 categories (molecular profile, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 16 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for SNORD61 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of SNORD61 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SNORD61 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of SNORD61 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of SNORD61 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at SNORD61 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of SNORD61 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of SNORD61 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of SNORD61 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of SNORD61 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of SNORD61 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of SNORD61 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of SNORD61 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of SNORD61 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of SNORD61 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at SNORD61 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving SNORD61 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |