{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCBE1 is a novel gene identified in human lung epithelial cells that appears to play a key role in the differentiation process of ciliated cells. Its expression increases during the in vitro maturation of bronchial epithelial cells, and its synchronous expression with ciliogenesis‐associated proteins coupled with a dynamic nuclear or perinuclear localization suggests that CBE1 may be critical for the proper differentiation and function of airway ciliated cells. These regulatory features, together with its modulation by inflammatory cytokines, imply a role in maintaining epithelial integrity in the human lung."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nStudies in murine models have further characterized the homologous gene (Cbe1) during lung development, demonstrating that its mRNA and protein expression rise in close conjunction with key markers of ciliogenesis. The temporal expression pattern—beginning earlier than classical ciliary markers in some contexts—indicates that Cbe1 may contribute not only to the development of cilia but also play an additional role during the early stages of pulmonary formation. This conservation of expression patterns between human and mouse underscores the gene’s critical developmental function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its established role in lung epithelial cell differentiation and ciliogenesis, CBE1 has also been localized in the human testis, where its spatial expression was examined in relation to spermatogenesis. The investigation into its precise cellular localization in testicular tissue suggests that CBE1 may have additional functions tied to the regulation of germ cell development and fertility, particularly under conditions of impaired spermatogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hajime Yoshisue, Sarah M Puddicombe, Susan J Wilson, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of ciliated bronchial epithelium 1, a ciliated cell-associated gene induced during mucociliary differentiation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1165/rcmb.2004-0050OC"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2004-0050OC"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15242845"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15242845"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "H M Haitchi, H Yoshisue, A Ribbene, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chronological expression of Ciliated Bronchial Epithelium 1 during pulmonary development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Respir J (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1183/09031936.00157108"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00157108"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19213785"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19213785"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christiane Pleuger, Daniela Fietz, Katja Hartmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of ciliated bronchial epithelium 1 during human spermatogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fertil Steril (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.05.019"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.05.019"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28601408"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28601408"}]}]}]}