| HGNC Family | Immunoglobulin superfamily domain containing |
| Name | T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains |
| Description | This gene encodes a member of the PVR (poliovirus receptor) family of immunoglobin proteins. The product of this gene is expressed on several classes of T cells including follicular B helper T cells (TFH). The protein has been shown to bind PVR with high affinity; this binding is thought to assist interactions between TFH and dendritic cells to regulate T cell dependent B cell responses.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTIGIT is a cell‐surface inhibitory receptor characterized by an immunoglobulin variable domain, a transmembrane region and intracellular inhibitory motifs (an ITIM and an ITT‐like domain) that mediate negative signaling. Expressed on activated and memory T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and regulatory T cells, TIGIT binds with high affinity to members of the nectin family—most notably the poliovirus receptor (CD155) and CD112—and competes with the costimulatory receptor CD226. In addition to directly dampening effector lymphocyte activities, engagement of TIGIT on dendritic cells alters cytokine balance by increasing IL‑10 and reducing IL‑12 production, thereby promoting a tolerogenic, immunosuppressive state."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the tumor microenvironment, TIGIT engagement plays a central role in immune escape by suppressing NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity and impairing CD8⁺ T‐cell antitumor responses. Tumor cells and even tumor‐associated bacteria (via proteins such as Fap2 from Fusobacterium nucleatum) exploit TIGIT to inhibit immune cell activity, leading to T‑cell exhaustion and diminished cytokine production. Notably, preclinical studies demonstrate that blockade of TIGIT—especially when combined with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors—can synergistically restore effector function and reinvigorate antitumor immunity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond cancer, increased TIGIT expression is a hallmark of exhausted or dysfunctional T‑cell populations during chronic viral infections (including HIV and HTLV‑1) and autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Elevated TIGIT levels are associated with altered transcriptional profiles, impaired proliferation and cytokine secretion, and a shift in the balance away from costimulatory signals (often due to concurrent downregulation of CD226). In diverse clinical contexts—from adoptive cellular therapies and checkpoint inhibitor strategies in oncology to modulation of antiviral responses—targeting TIGIT (alone or in combination with other inhibitory receptors) offers a promising means to restore immune function and rebalance immunity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "12", "end_ref": "37"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xin Yu, Kristin Harden, Lino C Gonzalez, et al. 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| Synonyms | VSIG9, WUCAM, VSTM3 |
| Proteins | TIGIT_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 201633 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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TIGIT has 3,730 functional associations with biological entities spanning 7 categories (molecular profile, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 77 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for TIGIT from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
| BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of TIGIT gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with TIGIT gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TIGIT gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of TIGIT gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of TIGIT gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing TIGIT protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing TIGIT protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with TIGIT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with TIGIT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of TIGIT gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with TIGIT gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with TIGIT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by TIGIT gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with TIGIT gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with TIGIT gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with TIGIT gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with TIGIT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with TIGIT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TIGIT gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TIGIT gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of TIGIT gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with TIGIT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with TIGIT gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing TIGIT from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving TIGIT gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving TIGIT gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving TIGIT gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing TIGIT protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by TIGIT gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations | cell types associated with TIGIT gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset. | |
| HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression | cell types associated with TIGIT gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset. | |
| HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations | cell types associated with TIGIT gene from the HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations dataset. | |
| IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes | phenotypes of mice caused by TIGIT gene knockout from the IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for TIGIT protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| KEGG Pathways 2026 | pathways involving TIGIT protein from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset. | |
| Kinase Library Tyrosine Kinome Atlas | kinases that phosphorylate TIGIT protein from the Kinase Library Tyrosine Kinome Atlas dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of TIGIT gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with TIGIT gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain TIGIT protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by TIGIT gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by TIGIT gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for TIGIT from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving TIGIT protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving TIGIT protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
| Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with TIGIT protein in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TIGIT gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of TIGIT gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations | cell types with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of TIGIT gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of TIGIT gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of TIGIT protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of TIGIT protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of TIGIT protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with TIGIT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with TIGIT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving TIGIT protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
