{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTLCD3A, also known as CT120, is a conserved plasma membrane‐associated protein originally isolated from a region of chromosome 17p13.3. Its expression is tissue‐ and cancer type–dependent, and it has been implicated in pulmonary carcinogenesis. For example, its detection in lung adenocarcinoma cells contrasted with an absence in normal lung tissue, and it interacts with key proteins involved in amino acid transport and glutathione metabolism, suggesting a role in modulating membrane signaling and metabolic processes that may contribute to lung cancer development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAlternative splicing of the CT120 gene produces at least two isoforms with contrasting functions. One isoform (CT120A) is predicted to have seven transmembrane domains and exhibits oncogenic properties, while the splicing variant CT120B, which lacks 32 amino acids resulting in six transmembrane domains, appears to suppress tumor growth by delaying the G1/S cell cycle transition, reducing overall cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, and anchorage-independent growth. These findings underscore the importance of precise isoform regulation in determining the ultimate impact on cell growth and transformation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nWhile the primary studies on TLCD3A emphasize its roles in membrane-associated signaling and cell cycle regulation as determinants of pulmonary cancer progression, additional research in related fields highlights the complexity of gene regulation in cancer. For instance, studies of circadian regulation of protein expression and cell density– and hypoxia–mediated control of proteins such as major urinary proteins and FAM57A in other cancers provide broader context for how diverse regulatory mechanisms can influence tumor cell behavior. These contrasting findings suggest that, although TLCD3A’s function appears specifically aligned with the regulation of cell growth and metabolism in lung cancer, its role must be interpreted within the larger framework of cancer biology and the multifaceted regulation of membrane proteins."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xianghuo He, Yujun Di, Jinjun Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular cloning and characterization of CT120, a novel membrane-associated gene involved in amino acid transport and glutathione metabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02227-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(02"}, {"type": "t", "text": "02227-1) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12270127"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12270127"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dong-Ning Pan, Jin-Jun Li, Lin Wei, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inhibitory effect of CT120B, an alternative splice variant of CT120A, on lung cancer cell growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00091.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00091.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16143812"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143812"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Z Li, S Shao, S Xie, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Silencing of CT120 by antisense oligonucleotides could inhibit the lung cancer cells growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ir J Med Sci (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11845-009-0418-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-009-0418-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20024628"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20024628"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yun-Hee Cho, Dongyong Kim, Inho Choi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of transcriptional regulatory elements required for the Mup2 expression in circadian clock mutant mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.074"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.074"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21703244"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21703244"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dongyun Yang, Tobias D Strobel, Julia Bulkescher, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FAM57A (Family with Sequence Similarity 57 Member A) Is a Cell-Density-Regulated Protein and Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Cervical Cancer Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cells (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/cells11203309"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11203309"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36291175"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36291175"}]}]}]}