TLR7 Gene

Name toll-like receptor 7
Description The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. The human TLR family comprises 11 members. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. For the recognition of structural components in foreign microorganisms, the various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression as well; in this way for example, TLR-3, -7, and -8 are essential in the recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses. TLR7 senses single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides containing guanosine- and uridine-rich sequences from RNA viruses, a recognition occuring in the endosomes of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung, placenta, and spleen, and is phylogenetically related and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR8, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Summary
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This rapid antiviral response is essential for controlling infections such as hepatitis C and influenza, and studies have shown that defects in TLR7 function—such as those uncovered in certain male patients with severe COVID‐19—can lead to impaired interferon production and enhanced viral pathogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its critical antiviral role, TLR7 is a key contributor to the development and perpetuation of autoimmunity. Enhanced signaling through TLR7—often resulting from gene‐dosage effects, polymorphisms, or escape from X chromosome inactivation—can drive the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. This in turn encourages the activation and differentiation of B cells toward plasma cell fates, promotes the expansion of autoreactive subsets, and has been linked to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune disorders. In addition, TLR7 engagement by self RNA–containing immune complexes may diminish the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids, further exacerbating autoimmune inflammation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "14", "end_ref": "25"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTLR7 functions also extend to noncanonical and tissue‐specific roles. Expression of TLR7 has been documented not only in classical immune cells but also in cell types such as platelets, sensory neurons, and even tumor cells. In these contexts, TLR7 engagement can trigger processes as diverse as the induction of pruritus and pain via neuronal pathways, modulation of platelet–neutrophil interactions that influence vascular occlusion, and even promotion of tumor cell survival and chemoresistance through NF‐κB‐mediated upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins. Additionally, TLR7 may be erroneously activated by endogenous microRNAs—a mechanism implicated in neurodegeneration and cancer cachexia. Such multifaceted involvement underscores TLR7’s complex contribution to both homeostatic and pathological processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "26", "end_ref": "43"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tomoki Ito, Ryuichi Amakawa, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, et al. 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Synonyms TLR7-LIKE
Proteins TLR7_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 51284
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View TLR7's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View TLR7's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View TLR7's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

TLR7 has 9,318 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 107 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for TLR7 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Biocarta Pathways pathways involving TLR7 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with TLR7 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with TLR7 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TLR7 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of TLR7 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of TLR7 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing TLR7 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing TLR7 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with TLR7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with TLR7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with TLR7 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with TLR7 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with TLR7 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by TLR7 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases involving TLR7 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with TLR7 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with TLR7 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
DrugBank Drug Targets interacting drugs for TLR7 protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TLR7 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of TLR7 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of TLR7 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
GAD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with TLR7 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing TLR7 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving TLR7 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving TLR7 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving TLR7 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing TLR7 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 cellular components containing TLR7 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 cellular components containing TLR7 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by TLR7 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by TLR7 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by TLR7 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset.
Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors ligands (chemical) binding TLR7 receptor from the curated Guide to Pharmacology Chemical Ligands of Receptors dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations diseases associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with TLR7 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of TLR7 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with TLR7 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for TLR7 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of TLR7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
KEGG Pathways pathways involving TLR7 protein from the KEGG Pathways dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of TLR7 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with TLR7 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations cellular components containing TLR7 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain TLR7 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by TLR7 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of TLR7 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by TLR7 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
PANTHER Pathways pathways involving TLR7 protein from the PANTHER Pathways dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for TLR7 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2014 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at TLR7 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of TLR7 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations cell types with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of TLR7 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of TLR7 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of TLR7 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of TLR7 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of TLR7 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of TLR7 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of TLR7 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with TLR7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with TLR7 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving TLR7 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.