{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTRIP10—also known as Cdc42‐interacting protein‑4 (CIP4)—is a multi‐domain adaptor protein that integrates signals from Rho family GTPases and actin‐regulatory proteins. Early studies demonstrated its capacity to interface with formin homologs (such as DAAM1) and other cytoskeletal effectors, thereby modulating cell shape and dynamics. In these contexts, TRIP10 participates in the regulation of membrane curvature and actin polymerization that are essential for diverse cellular functions, including rearrangements seen in immune cells and migrating cancer cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its role in remodelling the actin cytoskeleton, TRIP10 coordinates endocytic trafficking and membrane deformation. It is instrumental in processes such as fast endophilin‐mediated endocytosis and in the proper polarization of intracellular organelles (including the microtubule‐organizing center), thereby facilitating directed cell migration. Interactions with key signal transduction molecules like Src, as well as regulation by phosphorylation (for example, by PKA), further underscore its role as a central player linking membrane events with cytoskeletal dynamics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAberrant expression and regulation of TRIP10 have been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Changes in TRIP10 levels—whether due to alternative splicing, epigenetic modifications (such as DNA methylation) or post‐translational modifications—can disrupt normal cell–cell adhesion, enhance invasive signaling pathways (including those mediated by Src/Erk and PI3K) and promote the formation of invadopodia. These alterations have been observed in multiple tumor types, ranging from breast and colorectal carcinomas to lung, nasopharyngeal, renal, and laryngeal cancers, as well as in some hematological malignancies. The context‐dependent function of TRIP10 may contribute either to tumor suppression in certain estrogen receptor–positive settings or to enhanced metastatic behavior in more aggressive cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nEmerging data also highlight tissue‐specific roles for TRIP10. Its interaction with partners like AKAP‑9 underscores a role in integrating microtubule and actin dynamics in processes such as centrosome polarization, and recent observations suggest that TRIP10 may even contribute to cardiac cellular function. Such context‐dependent regulation emphasizes the multifunctional nature of TRIP10 in both normal physiology and disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "21"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pontus Aspenström, Ninna Richnau, Ann-Sofi Johansson "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The diaphanous-related formin DAAM1 collaborates with the Rho GTPases RhoA and Cdc42, CIP4 and Src in regulating cell morphogenesis and actin dynamics."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.03.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.03.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16630611"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16630611"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pinaki P Banerjee, Rahul Pandey, Rena Zheng, et al. 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