{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe four abstracts collectively focus on primary cilium‐associated proteins that are implicated in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), yet none of them directly mention or characterize TTTY23. Instead, the studies highlight proteins such as polycystin‐1, polycystin‐2, cystin, and Kif12 that are crucial for the formation, maintenance, and function of the primary cilium in renal epithelia. For instance, one study demonstrated that polycystin‐1 and polycystin‐2 co‐localize with ciliary proteins such as polaris and cystin in kidney collecting duct cells, suggesting a central role for the cilium in normal renal physiology and disease prevention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAnother study dissected the post‐translational modification and targeting signals for cystin, showing that N‐myristoylation and a specific AxEGG motif are critical for its proper localization within the primary cilium; disruption of these motifs may contribute to cyst formation in PKD."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nA further investigation revealed that cystin interacts with the growth suppressor necdin to modulate Myc expression, implying that an imbalance in this regulatory complex could underlie the renal cystic phenotype seen in the murine ARPKD model."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFinally, genetic mapping in a mouse PKD model identified disease‐modifying loci with one candidate, Kif12, encoding a cilium‐associated protein whose expression profile parallels that of Cys1. This reinforces the concept that proper ciliary localization and function of these proteins are essential for renal homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn summary, while these abstracts robustly describe the roles of multiple cilia‐related proteins in kidney function and cystogenesis, they do not provide any information on TTTY23. Thus, based on the provided literature, the function of TTTY23 remains unaddressed and undetermined.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bradley K Yoder, Xiaoying Hou, Lisa M Guay-Woodford "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The polycystic kidney disease proteins, polycystin-1, polycystin-2, polaris, and cystin, are co-localized in renal cilia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Am Soc Nephrol (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1097/01.asn.0000029587.47950.25"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000029587.47950.25"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12239239"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239239"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Binli Tao, Su Bu, Zhihua Yang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cystin localizes to primary cilia via membrane microdomains and a targeting motif."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Am Soc Nephrol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1681/ASN.2009020188"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2009020188"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19850956"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19850956"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maoqing Wu, Chaozhe Yang, Binli Tao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The ciliary protein cystin forms a regulatory complex with necdin to modulate Myc expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0083062"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083062"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24349431"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24349431"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Michal Mrug, Juling Zhou, Chaozhe Yang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genetic and Informatic Analyses Implicate Kif12 as a Candidate Gene within the Mpkd2 Locus That Modulates Renal Cystic Disease Severity in the Cys1cpk Mouse."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0135678"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135678"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26295839"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26295839"}]}]}]}