{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nTUSC7—also known as LOC285194—is a long non‐coding RNA that has emerged as a potent tumor suppressor in a wide spectrum of human malignancies. Multiple studies have demonstrated that TUSC7 expression is significantly reduced in tumor tissues compared with normal counterparts, and this downregulation is closely associated with aggressive clinicopathological features, poor prognosis, and chemoresistance. For example, decreased expression of TUSC7 has been reported in colorectal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, glioblastoma, and even in serum samples used for diagnostic screening, underscoring its potential as a prognostic biomarker in these cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAt the molecular level, TUSC7 exerts its tumor‐suppressive functions through diverse mechanisms. Several studies have shown that TUSC7 can be directly transcriptionally activated by p53 and, in turn, suppress oncogenic signaling by acting as a competing endogenous RNA. It achieves this by sponging oncomiRs such as miR‑211, miR‑23b, and even miR‑616 in distinct tumor types. These interactions lead to derepression of downstream tumor‐suppressive targets—including components of the p53, Wnt, and Nurr1 pathways—and contribute to reduced cell proliferation and enhanced chemosensitivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn vitro and in vivo functional studies further validate the critical role of TUSC7 in tumor suppression. Overexpression of TUSC7 in cancer cell lines—including models of colorectal cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and osteosarcoma—has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, while promoting apoptosis and restoring chemosensitivity. These findings suggest that restoring TUSC7 function may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in diverse cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "18", "end_ref": "25"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peng Qi, Mi-die Xu, Shu-juan Ni, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Low expression of LOC285194 is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Transl Med (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1479-5876-11-122"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-11-122"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23680400"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23680400"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yu-suo Tong, Xi-lei Zhou, Xiao-wei Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of decreased expression of long non-coding RNA LOC285194 with chemoradiotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Transl Med (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12967-014-0233-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-014-0233-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25169763"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25169763"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Menglin Cong, Jianmin Li, Rui Jing, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA tumor suppressor candidate 7 functions as a tumor suppressor and inhibits proliferation in osteosarcoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13277-015-4414-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-4414-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26781978"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26781978"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chuanxi Wang, Jinyu Yu, Yuping Han, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNAs LOC285194, RP11-462C24.1 and Nbla12061 in serum provide a new approach for distinguishing patients with colorectal cancer from healthy controls."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.12220"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12220"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27683121"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27683121"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chao Shang, Bin Lang, Cheng Ngok Ao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA tumor suppressor candidate 7 advances chemotherapy sensitivity of endometrial carcinoma through targeted silencing of miR-23b."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1177/1010428317707883"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1010428317707883"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28653877"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28653877"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "X-L Ma, W-D Zhu, L-X Tian, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA TUSC7 expression is independently predictive of outcome in glioma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28925483"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28925483"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chao Shang, Wei Tang, Chen Pan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA TUSC7 inhibits temozolomide resistance by targeting miR-10a in glioblastoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Chemother Pharmacol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00280-018-3522-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-018-3522-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29397407"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29397407"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhi-Wei Chang, Yong-Xu Jia, Wei-Jie Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA-TUSC7/miR-224 affected chemotherapy resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by competitively regulating DESC1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s13046-018-0724-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-018-0724-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29530057"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530057"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hassan Mehrad-Majd, Sahar Ravanshad, Ali Moradi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Decreased expression of lncRNA loc285194 as an independent prognostic marker in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pathol Res Pract (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.018"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.018"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31054796"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31054796"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qian Liu, Jianguo Huang, Nanjiang Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA loc285194 is a p53-regulated tumor suppressor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gkt182"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt182"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23558749"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23558749"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jian Xu, Rui Zhang, Jian Zhao "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Novel Long Noncoding RNA TUSC7 Inhibits Proliferation by Sponging MiR-211 in Colorectal Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Physiol Biochem (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1159/000457938"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000457938"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28214867"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28214867"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huaping Zhou, Allen Chen, Jianfei Shen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA LOC285194 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting p53 in non-small cell lung cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2018.6839"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6839"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30542733"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30542733"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaoling Wu, Dongge Cai, Fan Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long noncoding RNA TUSC7 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating SOCS4 (SOCS5) expression through targeting miR-616 in endometrial carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Life Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116549"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116549"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31200002"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31200002"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Menglin Cong, Rui Jing "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA TUSC7 suppresses osteosarcoma by targeting miR-211."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biosci Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/BSR20190291"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20190291"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31652435"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31652435"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bingzheng Zhong, Qiang Wang, Jiali He, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA LOC285194 modulates gastric carcinoma progression through activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cam4.2844"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2844"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31991056"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31991056"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jin Lin, Yimiao Fang, Maocan Tao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LOC285194 inhibits proliferation of human keratinocytes through regulating miR-616/GATA3 pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Probes (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101598"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101598"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32439362"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32439362"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rasoul Abdollahzadeh, Asaad Azarnezhad, Sahereh Paknahad, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Proposed TUSC7/miR-211/Nurr1 ceRNET Might Potentially be Disturbed by a cer-SNP rs2615499 in Breast Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Genet (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10528-022-10216-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10216-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35296964"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35296964"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Haixia Zhang, Yanli Song, Changqing Yang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Overexpression of lncRNA TUSC7 reduces cell migration and invasion in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2019.7106"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7106"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31002365"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31002365"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Guanglin Huang, Meng Wang, Xiang Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TUSC7 suppression of Notch activation through sponging MiR-146 recapitulated the asymmetric cell division in lung adenocarcinoma stem cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Life Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116630"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116630"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31279783"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31279783"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jianguo Qiu, Gang Pan, Ming Li "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Decreased expression of long non-coding LOC285194 predicts tumour progression and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Postgrad Med J (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136905"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136905"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31494574"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31494574"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lingli Luo, Min Wang, Xianping Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA LOC285194 in cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Chim Acta (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31837299"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31837299"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "L-M Zhu, N Li "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Downregulation of long noncoding RNA TUSC7 promoted cell growth, invasion and migration through sponging with miR-616-5p/GSK3β pathway in ovarian cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_202007_21880"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202007_21880"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32706063"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32706063"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ke Zhao, Yugang Guo, Zheng Huo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Serum level of lncRNA TUSC7 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in promoting tumor cell migration and invasion]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.05.08"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.05.08"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32897196"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32897196"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lingfang Hao, Yaofeng Yun, Run Liang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA TUSC7 suppressed colorectal cancer progression via regulation of miR-23b/PDE7A Axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Invest Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.25011/cim.v43i4.34703"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.25011/cim.v43i4.34703"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33370523"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33370523"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aiqing Zhao, Wanlin Liu, Xiaolong Cui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "lncRNA TUSC7 inhibits osteosarcoma progression through the miR‑181a/RASSF6 axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Med (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/ijmm.2020.4825"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4825"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33416181"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33416181"}]}]}]}