{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMEMO1, a conserved redox protein initially characterized for its role in cell motility, exhibits a broad tissue distribution that has been harnessed to study its multifaceted functions in development and disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that MEMO1 is essential for cell migration through its mediation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling, which in turn governs cell-autonomous activation of S1P receptors critical for the motility and survival of fibroblasts and endothelial cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, by regulating microtubule stability and the polarized trafficking of basal proteins, MEMO1 is crucial for the proper tiling of radial glial cells during neocortical development, ensuring the correct assembly of neuronal layers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of craniofacial morphogenesis, MEMO1 plays a pivotal role in the development of the cranial base. Loss-of-function mutations in Memo1 disrupt endochondral ossification, resulting in abnormal cranial base formation and secondary palate defects that underscore its cell-autonomous function in neural crest‐derived structures."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its roles in cellular migration and craniofacial development, MEMO1 is also emerging as an important regulator of systemic mineral metabolism. Whole-body deletion of Memo1 has been associated with a syndrome resembling premature aging, marked by disturbed mineral homeostasis and elevated serum magnesium levels that are protective against soft-tissue calcifications. In contrast, studies using osteoblast-specific Memo1 knockout models indicate that while MEMO1 is dispensable for maintaining bone structure and FGF23 expression, its absence can influence renal injury responses in a sex-dependent manner. Importantly, investigations into the hormonal regulation of Memo1 reveal that its expression remains largely unresponsive to calciotropic hormones and dietary mineral changes, highlighting a regulatory paradigm distinct from other mineral metabolism mediators."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kang Ning, Hao Zhang, Ju-Qiang Han, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Preparation of antibody against Memo protein and analysis of expression profile of Memo in mouse tissues]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17077023"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17077023"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shunya Kondo, Alessia Bottos, Jeremy C Allegood, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Memo has a novel role in S1P signaling and is [corrected] crucial for vascular development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0094114"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094114"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24714781"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24714781"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Naoki Nakagawa, Charlotte Plestant, Keiko Yabuno-Nakagawa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Memo1-Mediated Tiling of Radial Glial Cells Facilitates Cerebral Cortical Development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuron (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.049"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.049"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31277925"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31277925"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eric Van Otterloo, Weiguo Feng, Kenneth L Jones, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MEMO1 drives cranial endochondral ossification and palatogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dev Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.12.024"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.12.024"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26746790"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26746790"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matthias B Moor, Olivier Bonny "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Memo1 gene expression in kidney and bone is unaffected by dietary mineral load and calciotropic hormones."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Physiol Rep (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.14814/phy2.14410"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14410"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32291966"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32291966"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matthias B Moor, Suresh K Ramakrishnan, Finola Legrand, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elevated serum magnesium lowers calcification propensity in Memo1-deficient mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0236361"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236361"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32706793"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32706793"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Katalin Bartos, Matthias B Moor "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FGFR regulator Memo1 is dispensable for FGF23 expression by osteoblasts during folic acid-driven kidney injury."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Physiol Rep (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.14814/phy2.15650"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15650"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "36967231"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36967231"}]}]}]}