UBN1 Gene

HGNC Family	Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits (PPP1R)
Name	ubinuclein 1
Description	Cellular senescence is a hallmark of tumor suppression and tissue aging. Senescent cells contain domains of heterochromatin, called senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), that repress proliferation-promoting genes. The protein encoded by this gene binds to proliferation-promoting genes and is required for SAHF formation, enhancing methylation of histone H3. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nUBN1 was initially characterized as a nuclear protein interacting with both viral and cellular transcription factors."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Subsequent investigations established that UBN1 functions as a critical scaffold within the HIRA histone chaperone complex, where it is indispensable for the formation of senescence‐associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) that repress proliferation‐promoting genes and contribute to tumor suppression and tissue aging."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, UBN1 can modulate the Epstein–Barr virus productive cycle by inhibiting the binding of viral transactivators to DNA in epithelial cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAt the chromatin level, UBN1 is an integral member of the quaternary HIRA/UBN1/CABIN1/ASF1a (HUCA) complex that deposits the histone variant H3.3 in a DNA synthesis‐independent manner, thereby influencing gene activation, repression, and heterochromatin assembly."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " UBN1 also participates in cell–cell contact signaling through interactions with tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and cingulin, implicating it in the regulation of protein subcellular localization."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Detailed mutational and biochemical analyses have defined a discrete N-terminal HIRA-binding region (NHRD) of UBN1 that is essential for stable interaction with HIRA"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and an evolutionarily conserved Hpc2-related domain (HRD) that confers specific binding to H3.3/H4 dimers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFurther structural studies have revealed that the proper oligomerization of the HIRA complex is vital to its function; HIRA forms a homotrimer that associates with UBN1 and other subunits to ensure efficient H3.3 deposition."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, a centrally located middle domain of UBN1 mediates dimer formation and nonspecific binding to histones, while an adjacent DNA-binding domain—rich in conserved lysines—facilitates chromatin association."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Notably, recent findings have expanded the functional repertoire of UBN1, demonstrating its interaction with activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in B-cells, which may have implications for the regulation of antibody diversification during somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sirpa Aho, Julien Lupo, Pierre-Alain Coly, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of the ubinuclein protein as a new member of the nuclear and adhesion complex components (NACos)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biol Cell (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1042/BC20080072"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1042/BC20080072"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18823282"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18823282"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gowrishankar Banumathy, Neeta Somaiah, Rugang Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human UBN1 is an ortholog of yeast Hpc2p and has an essential role in the HIRA/ASF1a chromatin-remodeling pathway in senescent cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.01047-08"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01047-08"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19029251"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19029251"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Henri Gruffat, Julien Lupo, Patrice Morand, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The nuclear and adherent junction complex component protein ubinuclein negatively regulates the productive cycle of Epstein-Barr virus in epithelial cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.01397-10"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01397-10"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21084479"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21084479"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Taranjit Singh Rai, Aastha Puri, Tony McBryan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human CABIN1 is a functional member of the human HIRA/UBN1/ASF1a histone H3.3 chaperone complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.05546-11"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.05546-11"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21807893"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21807893"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Julien Lupo, Audrey Conti, Charlotte Sueur, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of new interacting partners of the shuttling protein ubinuclein (Ubn-1)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.12.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.12.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22245583"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22245583"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yong Tang, Aastha Puri, M Daniel Ricketts, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of an ubinuclein 1 region required for stability and function of the human HIRA/UBN1/CABIN1/ASF1a histone H3.3 chaperone complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochemistry (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1021/bi300050b"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bi300050b"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22401310"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22401310"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M Daniel Ricketts, Brian Frederick, Henry Hoff, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ubinuclein-1 confers histone H3.3-specific-binding by the HIRA histone chaperone complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms8711"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8711"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26159857"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26159857"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dominique Ray-Gallet, M Daniel Ricketts, Yukari Sato, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Functional activity of the H3.3 histone chaperone complex HIRA requires trimerization of the HIRA subunit."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41467-018-05581-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05581-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30082790"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30082790"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M Daniel Ricketts, Nirmalya Dasgupta, Jiayi Fan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The HIRA histone chaperone complex subunit UBN1 harbors H3/H4- and DNA-binding activity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.RA119.007480"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA119.007480"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31040182"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31040182"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ankit Jaiswal, Rajarshi Roy, Anubhav Tamrakar, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation-induced cytidine deaminase an antibody diversification enzyme interacts with chromatin modifier UBN1 in B-cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2023)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-023-46448-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46448-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "37949972"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37949972"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	VT4, VT
Proteins	UBN1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	29855
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

UBN1 has 7,023 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 123 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for UBN1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

UBN1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of UBN1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of UBN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of UBN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with UBN1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with UBN1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of UBN1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of UBN1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of UBN1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing UBN1 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of UBN1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing UBN1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing UBN1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with UBN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with UBN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of UBN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with UBN1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UBN1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of UBN1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by UBN1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with UBN1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with UBN1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at UBN1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of UBN1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of UBN1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing UBN1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with UBN1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.