{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe vanin gene family comprises ectoenzymes that catalyze the conversion of pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine, a reaction implicated in responses to injury and inflammation. In skin pathology, notably psoriasis, vanin‐3 is markedly upregulated—by nearly 19‐fold—in the differentiated epidermal layers. This upregulation is driven by psoriasis‐associated proinflammatory Th17/Th1 cytokines and suggests that heightened pantetheinase activity contributes to an inflammatory‐regenerative epidermal differentiation program."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn a separate study focusing on chronic heart failure, gene expression profiling revealed that increased expression of VNN3 is independently associated with an elevated neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio. This finding implicates VNN3 as a decisive factor in modulating neutrophil activation and immune responses in cardiovascular pathology, further linking it to systemic inflammatory processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Patrick A M Jansen, Marijke Kamsteeg, Diana Rodijk-Olthuis, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of the vanin gene family in normal and inflamed human skin: induction by proinflammatory cytokines."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Invest Dermatol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/jid.2009.67"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2009.67"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19322213"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19322213"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Guoxing Wan, Lihua Ji, Wenbin Xia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Screening genes associated with elevated neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio in chronic heart failure."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Med Rep (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/mmr.2018.9132"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9132"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29901123"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29901123"}]}]}]}