| Name | X antigen family, member 1B |
| Description | This gene is a member of the XAGE subfamily, which belongs to the GAGE family. The GAGE genes are expressed in a variety of tumors and in some fetal and reproductive tissues. This gene is strongly expressed in Ewing's sarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and normal testis. The protein encoded by this gene contains a nuclear localization signal and shares a sequence similarity with other GAGE/PAGE proteins. Because of the expression pattern and the sequence similarity, this protein also belongs to a family of CT (cancer-testis) antigens. Alternative splicing of this gene, in addition to alternative transcription start sites, results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nXAGE1B is a member of the cancer/testis antigen family that was initially identified through homology searches for PAGE/GAGE‐related sequences. Several alternative splice variants (XAGE‐1a, -1b, -1c, and -1d) have been described, with XAGE1B (encoded by both XAGE‐1a and XAGE‐1b transcripts) emerging as the dominant isoform. Expression of XAGE1B is normally limited to germ cells of the testis but becomes aberrantly activated in numerous cancers including melanomas, Ewing’s sarcoma, breast, prostate, ovarian, and various lung tumors. This tumor-restricted expression suggests a potential role in tumorigenesis and highlights its value as a cancer immunotherapy target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " \n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nEpigenetic mechanisms play a key role in regulating XAGE1B expression. Investigations into its gene promoter revealed that dense methylation of a CpG island is associated with gene silencing in XAGE1B‐negative normal and cancer cells, whereas loss of methylation correlates with its robust expression in testis and XAGE1B‐expressing tumors. These findings demonstrate that demethylation is a primary mechanism underlying the aberrant activation of XAGE1B in cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " \n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFunctionally, XAGE1B has been shown to be immunogenic in cancer patients, with the XAGE1B protein eliciting humoral responses, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma. Monoclonal antibody studies reveal that the protein localizes to the nucleus and is heterogeneously expressed among tumors, where its presence is often associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Clinical correlations observed in non‐small cell lung cancer and melanoma suggest that XAGE1B expression might serve as a negative prognostic indicator and a potential biomarker for patient stratification, further supporting its candidacy as a target for immunotherapeutic interventions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " \n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Albert J W Zendman, Annemieke A Van Kraats, Ulrich H Weidle, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The XAGE family of cancer/testis-associated genes: alignment and expression profile in normal tissues, melanoma lesions and Ewing's sarcoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Cancer (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/ijc.10371"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.10371"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11992404"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11992404"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kristi A Egland, Vasantha Kumar, Paul Duray, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of overlapping XAGE-1 transcripts encoding a cancer testis antigen expressed in lung, breast, and other types of cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Ther (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12479262"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12479262"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jun Hee Lim, Sang-Pyo Kim, Edward Gabrielson, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation of human cancer/testis antigen gene, XAGE-1, in tumor cells is correlated with CpG island hypomethylation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Cancer (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/ijc.21007"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21007"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15800911"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15800911"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Yuji Noguchi, Akiko Uenaka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "XAGE-1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer and antibody response in patients."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Cancer Res (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0216"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0216"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16061866"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16061866"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shuichiro Sato, Yuji Noguchi, Nobuya Ohara, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of XAGE-1 isoforms: predominant expression of XAGE-1b in testis and tumors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Immun (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17335148"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17335148"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qing Zhou, Ai-lin Guo, She-juan An, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Association of XAGE-1b gene expression with clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17666327"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17666327"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qun Lai, Litang Zhang, Yan Sun "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Association of XAGE-1 gene expression with clinical characteristics of lung cancer]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.08.07"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.08.07"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20704819"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20704819"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yoshihiro Ohue, Koji Kurose, Ryohei Nozawa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Survival of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Predicted from Expression of PD-L1, Galectin-9, and XAGE1 (GAGED2a) on Tumor Cells and Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Immunol Res (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-15-0266"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-15-0266"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27799141"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27799141"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mariko Mori, Takeru Funakoshi, Kaori Kameyama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lack of XAGE-1b and NY-ESO-1 in metastatic lymph nodes may predict the potential survival of stage III melanoma patients."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Dermatol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/1346-8138.13730"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13730"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28105694"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28105694"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | CT12.1A, XAGE1A, CT12.1B |
| NCBI Gene ID | 653220 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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XAGE1B has 445 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (molecular profile, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 26 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for XAGE1B from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of XAGE1B gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of XAGE1B gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with XAGE1B protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of XAGE1B gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with XAGE1B gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with XAGE1B gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with XAGE1B gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of XAGE1B gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of XAGE1B gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with XAGE1B gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of XAGE1B gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of XAGE1B gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of XAGE1B gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of XAGE1B gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of XAGE1B gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of XAGE1B gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of XAGE1B gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of XAGE1B gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of XAGE1B gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing XAGE1B protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain XAGE1B protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for XAGE1B from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of XAGE1B gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of XAGE1B gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of XAGE1B protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with XAGE1B protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
