Glucagon signaling pathway Gene Set

Dataset KEGG Pathways 2026
Category structural or functional annotations
Type pathway
Description Glucagon is conventionally regarded as a counterregulatory hormone for insulin and plays a critical anti-hypoglycemic role by maintaining glucose homeostasis in both animals and humans. To increase blood glucose, glucagon promotes hepatic glucose output by increasing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by decreasing glycogenesis and glycolysis in a concerted fashion via multiple mechanisms. Glucagon also stimulates hepatic mitochondrial beta-oxidation to supply energy for glucose production. Glucagon performs its main effect via activation of adenylate cyclase. The adenylate-cyclase-derived cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which then phosphorylates downstream targets, such as cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and the bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/ fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (one of the isoforms being PFK/FBPase 1, encoded by PFKFB1). (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, hsa04922)
External Link https://www.kegg.jp/entry/hsa04922
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Genes

104 proteins participating in the Glucagon signaling pathway pathway from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset.

Symbol Name
ACACA acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha
ACACB acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
ADCY2 adenylate cyclase 2 (brain)
AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1
AKT2 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2
AKT3 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3
ATF4 activating transcription factor 4
CALM1 calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)
CALM2 calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)
CALM3 calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta)
CALML3 calmodulin-like 3
CALML4 calmodulin-like 4
CALML5 calmodulin-like 5
CALML6 calmodulin-like 6
CAMK2A calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha
CAMK2B calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta
CAMK2D calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta
CAMK2G calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma
CPT1A carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (liver)
CPT1B carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (muscle)
CPT1C carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C
CREB1 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1
CREB3L1 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 1
CREB3L2 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 2
CREB3L3 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 3
CREB3L4 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 4
CREB5 cAMP responsive element binding protein 5
CREBBP CREB binding protein
CRTC2 CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2
EP300 E1A binding protein p300
FBP1 fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
FOXO1 forkhead box O1
G6PC1 glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1
G6PC2 glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic, 2
G6PC3 glucose 6 phosphatase, catalytic, 3
GCG glucagon
GCGR glucagon receptor
GDNF glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
GNAQ guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), q polypeptide
GNAS GNAS complex locus
GYS1 glycogen synthase 1 (muscle)
GYS2 glycogen synthase 2 (liver)
ITPR1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1
ITPR2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2
ITPR3 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 3
LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A
LDHAL6A lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6A
LDHAL6B lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B
LDHB lactate dehydrogenase B
LDHC lactate dehydrogenase C
LOC102724428 serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK1
MAP4K2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2
PCK1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (soluble)
PCK2 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (mitochondrial)
PCNX4 pecanex 4
PDE3B phosphodiesterase 3B, cGMP-inhibited
PDHA1 pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1
PDHA2 pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 2
PDHB pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta
PFKFB1 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1
PFKL phosphofructokinase, liver
PFKM phosphofructokinase, muscle
PFKP phosphofructokinase, platelet
PGAM2 phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (muscle)
PGAM4 phosphoglycerate mutase family member 4
PHKA1 phosphorylase kinase, alpha 1 (muscle)
PHKA2 phosphorylase kinase, alpha 2 (liver)
PHKB phosphorylase kinase, beta
PHKG1 phosphorylase kinase, gamma 1 (muscle)
PHKG2 phosphorylase kinase, gamma 2 (testis)
PKM pyruvate kinase, muscle
PLCB1 phospholipase C, beta 1 (phosphoinositide-specific)
PLCB2 phospholipase C, beta 2
PLCB3 phospholipase C, beta 3 (phosphatidylinositol-specific)
PLCB4 phospholipase C, beta 4
PPARA peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
PPARGC1A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha
PPP3CA protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme
PPP3CB protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, beta isozyme
PPP3CC protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, gamma isozyme
PPP3R1 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit B, alpha
PPP3R2 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit B, beta
PPP4C protein phosphatase 4, catalytic subunit
PPP4R3A protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3A
PPP4R3B protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3B
PPP4R3C protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3C
PRKAA1 protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit
PRKAA2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit
PRKAB1 protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 1 non-catalytic subunit
PRKAB2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit
PRKACB protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, beta
PRKACG protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, gamma
PRKAG1 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit
PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit
PRKAG3 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 3 non-catalytic subunit
PRKCA protein kinase C, alpha
PRMT1 protein arginine methyltransferase 1
PYGB phosphorylase, glycogen; brain
PYGL phosphorylase, glycogen, liver
PYGM phosphorylase, glycogen, muscle
SIK2 salt-inducible kinase 2
SIRT1 sirtuin 1
SLC2A1 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 1
SLC2A2 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 2